Understanding the evolution of monogamy in mammals has challenged behavioral ecologists for decades, because in most cases males are predicted to experience higher fitness through polygynous mating. In contrast to birds, gestation and lactation limit the potential fitness benefits of paternal care for all but a handful of species. Individuals that live in monogamous pairs but mate with extra-pa...

Comparative studies in voles have suggested that a polymorphic microsatellite upstream of the Avpr1a locus contributes to the evolution of monogamy. A recent study challenged this hypothesis by reporting that there is no relationship between microsatellite structure and monogamy in 21 vole species. Although the study demonstrates that the microsatellite is not a universal genetic switch that de...

In this study, we investigate whether apparent social monogamy (where a species forms a pair bond but may participate in copulations outside the pair bond) corresponds with genetic monogamy (where individuals participate only in copulations within a pair bond) in a biparental mouthbrooding cichlid fish, Eretmodus cyanostictus, from Lake Tanganyika, Africa. Our findings suggest that E. cyanostic...

BACKGROUND Concurrency and serial monogamy may increase risk for STIs when gaps fall within the infectious period. This study examined the association between early sexual debut and concurrent or serial sexual partnering among heterosexual adult women. METHODS We identified 6,791 heterosexually active women, ages 21-44, from the 2006-2010 National Survey of Family Growth, a multi-stage probab...

For any three-qubit quantum systems ABC, Oliveira et al. numerically found that both the concurrence and the entanglement of formation (EoF) obey the linear monogamy relations in pure states. They also conjectured that the linear monogamy relations can be saturated when the focus qubit A is maximally entangled with the joint qubits BC. In this work, we prove analytically that both the concurren...

Although stratified societies have typically been characterized by intensive polygyny, socially imposed monogamy has developed in the stratified societies of Western Europe. Following a critical review of other theories of socially imposed monogamy, a multivariate, non-deterministic theory is developed. Within this theory a variety of internal political processes can result in socially imposed ...

A fruitful way of studying physical theories is via the question whether the possible physical states and different kinds of correlations in each theory can be shared to different parties. Over the past few years it has become clear that both quantum entanglement and non-locality (i.e., correlations that violate Bell-type inequalities) have limited shareability properties and can sometimes even...