Precipitation of cholesterol in gallbladder bile is believed to produce platelike cholesterol monohydrate crystals directly. We report complementary time-lapse microscopic studies of cholesterol crystallization from model bile that reveal initial assembly of filamentous cholesterol crystals covered by a monomolecular layer of lecithin. Over a few days, the filaments evolved through needle, heli...

The behavior of cholesterol is different in mixtures with phosphatidylcholine as compared with phosphatidylserine. In (13)C cross polarization/magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectra, resonance peaks of the vinylic carbons of cholesterol are a doublet in samples containing 0.3 or 0.5 mol fraction cholesterol with 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl phosphatidylserine (POPS) or in cholesterol m...

In the title hydrated salt, 2,4,6-triamino-1,3,5-triazin-1-ium perchlorate monohydrate, C(3)H(7)N(6) (+)·ClO(4) (-)·H(2)O, the constituents are linked via hydrogen bonds of the O-H⋯O, N-H⋯O, N-H⋯N and N-H⋯Cl types. All the H atoms of the melaminium cation are involved in the hydrogen bonds. The melaminium residues are inter-connected by four N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds, forming chains parallel to (111...

The enantioselective formation of chiral crystal of achiral nucleobase cytosine was achieved mediated by the crystal direction selective dehydration of crystal water in the achiral crystal of cytosine monohydrate (P2(1)/c). Heat transfer from the enantiotopic face of the single crystal of cytosine monohydrate afforded the enantiomorphous crystal of anhydrous cytosine.

the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of short-term creatine monohydrate (cr) and folic acid (fa) supplementation on homocysteine (hcy) levels in young active males. eighteen young male soccer players (21.11±2.02 years, vo2max 56.51±2.31, hcy 13.45±0.59) volunteered to participate in this study. they were randomly divided into creatine monohydrate (n=6), folic acid (n=6) and ...

conclusions combination of creatine monohydrate and exercise attenuated inflammation and endothelial dysfunction markers among heart failure patients. patients and methods one hundred patients were prospectively randomized into two groups: intervention group which received 5 grams/day creatine monohydrate and exercised for 8 weeks; and control group which did not receive any interventions. inte...

Each MERIDIA capsule contains 5 mg, 10 mg, and 15 mg of sibutramine hydrochloride monohydrate. It also contains as inactive ingredients: lactose monohydrate, NF; microcrystalline cellulose, NF; colloidal silicon dioxide, NF; and magnesium stearate, NF in a hard-gelatin capsule [which contains titanium dioxide, USP; gelatin; FD&C Blue No. 2 (5and 10-mg capsules only); D&C Yellow No. 10 (5and 15-...

The mol-ecular structure of title compound, C(10)H(10)N(4)·H(2)O, has an inversion centre located on the mid-point of the N-N bond of the mol-ecule. A twofold rotation axis passes through the water O atom. In the crystal structure, a two-dimensional network is constructed through N-H⋯O and O-H⋯N hydrogen bonds.

Anhydrous theophylline was prepared by heating theophylline monohydrate at temperatures between 60 degrees C and 140 degrees C. The effects of dehydration temperatures on the moisture absorption and dissolution behavior of anhydrous theophylline were investigated in this study. The hydration rate of anhydrous theophylline at 95% relative humidity and 25 degrees C decreased with increasing dehyd...

Sildenafil citrate monohydrate, well known as Viagra R ©, is a drug for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. Here we present the X-ray crystal structure of the sildenafil base, C22H30N6O4S. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P21/c with the unit cell parameters a = 17.273(1), b = 17.0710(8), c = 8.3171(4) Å, β = 99.326(2), Z = 4, V = 2420.0(3) Å3. A comparison with...