An ethical ideologies model based on relativism and idealism was tested. Subjects judged the morality of an individual who produced a mildly or extremely positive or negative consequence by conforming to or violating a common moral norm. As predicted, an averaging model with differential weights accounted for situationists' (high relativism and idealism) and absolutists' (low relativism and hig...

An extended Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) was used to understand the factors, particularly control perceptions and affective reactions given conflicting findings in previous research, informing younger people’s intentions to join a bone marrow registry. Participants (N = 174) completed attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control [PBC], moral norm, anticipated regret, self-identit...

We propose that, when people judge moral situations, anger responds to the contextual cues of harm and intentionality. On the other hand, disgust responds uniquely to whether or not a bodily norm violation has occurred; its apparent response to harm and intent is entirely explained by the coactivation of anger. We manipulated intent, harm, and bodily norm violation (eating human flesh) within a...

OBJECTIVE In the Netherlands, a supplementation of 10 microg vitamin D is recommended for children (aged 0-4 years), given that vitamin D contributes to the development of healthy bones and deficiency during childhood is a risk factor for osteoporosis at a later age. However, only 60 % of the Dutch children receive sufficient vitamin D supplementation a day. In order to develop interventions to...

This paper addresses the issue of adversarial attacks on ethical AI systems. We investigate using moral axioms and rules deontic logic in a norm learning framework to mitigate training. model intuition construction provides systems with guard rails yet still allows for conventions. evaluate our approach by drawing inspiration from study commonly used development research. questionnaire aims tes...

in recent years, degradation of environment (water and soil resources) by farmers has increase concerns about sustainability of agriculture. farmers’ behaviors affect conservation of these resources and play important role in sustainability of agriculture as well. shiraz county, like other parts of the country, suffers for degradation of soil and water resources. the aim of this study was to pr...

Adults' intentionality judgments regarding an action are influenced by their moral evaluation of this action. This is clearly indicated in the so-called side-effect effect: when told about an action (e.g. implementing a business plan) with an intended primary effect (e.g. raise profits) and a foreseen side effect (e.g. harming/helping the environment), subjects tend to interpret the bringing ab...

The impact of the role of individual ethical predispositions, preferences for utilitarian and formalistic ideals, on managerial moral awareness was examined in 2 studies. Results suggested that a manager's ethical predispositions influence his or her responses to the characteristics of the moral issue. Both utilitarianism and formalism shaped moral awareness, but formalism demonstrated a greate...