Despite huge environmental, economic, health, and social costs of pesticides, evidence revealed that farmers in developing countries would continue to use pesticides. The root of the problem appears to be related to the way of farmers’ decision making. As such, it is crucial for policymakers to understand how farmers think and behave with regard to these inputs. Therefore, the aim of this resea...

organic farming as an approach to sustainable agriculture tries to decrease environmental problems and possible health hazards caused by the residues from pesticides. since the agricultural professionals are responsible to inform the farmers and the public by education and extension efforts, it is necessary to understand their attitudes. the main purpose of this research was to investigate fact...

Knowledge sharing is becoming an increasingly popular area and has been extensively discussed in knowledge management literature. The theory of planned behavior (TPB) is a leading theoretical model of cognitive determinants of behavior that has been shown to predict knowledge sharing. Although the TPB has been used in predicting knowledge sharing, integrating additional variables or theories ma...

This article proposes distinctions between guilt and two forms of shame: Guilt arises from a violated norm and is characterized by a focus on specific behavior; shame can be characterized by a threatened social image (Image Shame) or a threatened moral essence (Moral Shame). Applying this analysis to group-based emotions, three correlational studies are reported, set in the context of atrocitie...

The purpose of the present paper is to investigate to what extent norm predicates (expressed with words such as "ought", "permitted' and "wrong") can be defined in terms of value predicates (expressed with words such as "good", "bad", and "better"). Not even those words of naturallanguage that are paradigmatically logical (such as "not", "or", and "all") correspond exactly to symbols or express...

Mainstream Western ethics defines humans as rational beings. Ethics is a system of rules external to society and culture. Qualitative inquiry defines humans in holistic terms—as cultural beings, and cultures are value centered. The master norm for qualitative research, therefore, ought to be cultural continuity. Decisions for change are controlled by cultural groups themselves. Research ought t...

Which social norms and networks maximize cooperation in bilateral relationships? We study a network of players in which each link is a repeated bilateral partnership with two-sided moral hazard. The obstacle to community enforcement is that each player observes the behavior of her partners in their partnerships with her, but not how they behave in other partnerships. We introduce a new metric f...

The Relationship between Moral Intelligence of High School Girls and Boys and their Attitude toward Pre-Marital Relationships M. Ilami The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between moral intelligence of high school girls and boys and their attitude toward pre-marital relationships. In this survey, 384 Mashhadi high school girls and boys, aged between 15 and 19, w...

Fransson, N., & Biel, A. Morality and norm violation. Göteborg Psychological Reports, 1997, 27, No. 3 Undergraduate students were asked to judge each of 24 real-life events associated with eight different moral values. In a proposed model moral values were seen as mentally represented by schemas and a norm. The main purpose was to test the hypothesis that events that have been categorised as ac...