Tolerance and dependence are two main problems that have limited morphine administration. There are several reports on the effect of some medicinal plants on morphine-induced tolerance and dependence. In this study we investigated the effect of Ferula persica (FP) extract on modulation of withdrawal syndrome sign (WSS). For this purpose, male Albino mice (25-30 g, n=30) were used. Morphine was ...

Background: A large proportion of patients presenting with lumbar disc disease are opium addicts in our region. It was, therefore, hypothesized that morphine might affect the intervertebral disc. We investigated the histological findings of morphine dependency on intervertebral discs in rat. Methods: Forty NMRI adult male rats (230-250 g) placed on ordinary diet and received aqueous solution of...

Various physiological parameters including level of sex steroids undergo alterations following chronic administration of morphine. In this study, the effect of chronic administration of morphine on phasic and tonic pain was studied in morphine-dependent male and female rats in the presence and absence of gonads using formalin test. In addition, for evaluation of differences in dependency, withd...

wound healing has always been among important and crucial subjects in medicine. morphine dependency has also been a social and health problem in the middle east. this study was aimed to investigate the effects of morphine dependency on pro-inflammatory and fibroblast cell recruitment, as well as re-epithelialization and the revascularization processes involved in secondary intention wound heali...

objective(s): smoking opium/cigarette is a global health concern. the aim of this study was to examine learning and memory of rat male offsprings whose mothers had been exposed to either opium or morphine with nicotine during pregnancy. materials and methods: wistar rats were used for the experiments. in the female rats, opium, morphine and nicotine dependencies were induced by daily injections...

background: the study was performed to investigate the effects of morphine dependency and morphine withdrawal on the reproductive system of adult male rat(wistar).  methods: 32 adult male rat divided into 5 groups. animals in the control group (n=8) received normal saline (1ml/kg) twice daily subcutaneously for 30 consecutive days. animals in dependent group (n=8) received morphine (10mg/ml/kg)...

In state-dependency, information retrieval is most efficient when the animal is in the same state as it was during the information acquisition. State-dependency has been implicated in a variety of learning and memory processes, but its mechanisms remain to be resolved. Here, mice deficient in AMPA-type glutamate receptor GluA1 subunits were first conditioned to morphine (10 or 20 mg/kg s.c. dur...

there are several conflicting evidences showing the effect of morphine on learning and memory processes. in the present study the effect of chronic morphine administration on passive avoidance, active avoidance and spatial learning and memory of morphine dependent male rats using passive avoidance shuttle box and morris water maze tasks were investigated, respectively. male rats received morphi...