When reasoning about several numbers, past work has shown that adults mentally summarize data sets and reason based on set characteristics such as the mean and variance (Morris & Masnick, 2015). In the current study, we asked 10and 12-year-old children to look at two columns of numbers (framed as the distances two golfers drove a golf ball, when doing so repeatedly), and to choose which golfer ...

Effects of distractions such as noises and heterogeneity in model parameters have been studied on the firing activity of ensemble neurons, each of which is described by the extended Morris-Lecar model showing the graded persisting firings with the aid of an included Ca 2+-dependent cation current. It has been shown that the graded persisting activity in an ensemble becomes more robust against d...

We investigate forced synchronization between electrically coupled Morris–Lecar neurons with class I and class II excitability through numerical bifurcation analysis. We find that class II neurons have wider parameter regions of forced synchronization. However, the bifurcation structure and patterns of spikes for class II are complicated; there exist period-doubling bifurcations, interesting tw...

We investigate bifurcations observed in a Morris-Lecar neuron model. Especially, we paid attention to the change of bifurcation structures between type I and type II models. We found that the transition of properties between type I and II is controlled by only one-dimensional variation of a potential in a voltage-dependent function.

Type I membrane oscillators such as the Connor model (Connor et al. 1977) and the Morris-Lecar model (Morris and Lecar 1981) admit very low frequency oscillations near the critical applied current. Hansel et al. (1995) have numerically shown that synchrony is difficult to achieve with these models and that the phase resetting curve is strictly positive. We use singular perturbation methods and ...

We analyze the response of the Morris-Lecar model to a periodic train of short current pulses in the period-amplitude plane. For a wide parameter range encompassing both class 2 and class 3 behavior in Hodgkin’s classification there is a multimodal transition between the set of odd modes and the set of all modes. It is located between the 2:1 and 3:1 locked-in regions. It is the same dynamic in...

We derive and study two-dimensional generalizations of integrate-and-fire models which can be found from a piecewise linear idealization of the FitzHugh-Nagumo or Morris-Lecar model. These models give rise to new properties not present in one-dimensional integrate-and-fire models. A detailed analytical study of the models is presented. In particular, (i) for the piecewise linear FitzHugh-Nagumo...

This paper studies the eeect of slow cyclic variation of parameters on the phase of the oscillating Morris-Lecar model. In chemical oscillators it is known that a phase shift, called the geometric phase shift, is observed upon return to an initial point in parameter space. We nd geometric phase shifts for a two-parameter variation in the Morris-Lecar model. As with the chemical oscillator, the ...

We discuss synchronization in networks of neuronal oscillators which are interconnected via diffusive coupling, i.e. linearly coupled via gap junctions. In particular, we present sufficient conditions for synchronization in these networks using the theory of semi-passive and passive systems. We show that the conductance-based neuronal models of Hodgkin-Huxley, Morris-Lecar, and the popular redu...