A detailed investigation into the analysis of beams with different boundary conditions. carrying either a moving mass or force is performed. Analytical and numerical techniques for determination of the dynamic behavior of beams due to a concentrated travelling force or mass are presented. The transformation of the familiar Euler-Bernoulli thin beam equation into a series of ordinary differentia...

Passing underground trains induce vibrations transmitted to the ground surface and the nearby structures. Ordinarily, these vibrations do not result in structural damage but can harm nonstructural elements and disturb the occupants. These effects are more pronounced when evaluating buildings like hospitals, laboratories, museums, etc., and their assessment is an important design need. To respon...

Recently, a large amount of studies have been related to nonlinear systems with multi-degrees of freedom as well as continuous systems. The purpose of this paper is to optimize passive vibration absorbers in linear and nonlinear states for an Euler-Bernoulli beam with a nonlinear vibratory behavior under concentrated moving load. The goal parameter in the optimization is maximum deflection of t...

The vehicle/bridge interaction moving forces are important for the bridge structure design and the reliability evaluation. Therefore, the dynamic moving forces produced by the vehicles on the bridge structure must be determined by adopting the estimation method or measurement techniques. Direct measurement of the vehicle moving forces using sensors with higher precision is expensive and is subj...

These experiments determined the magnitude of loads that rhinoceros beetles (Scarabaeidae) can carry and also the metabolic energy required for carrying loads. I hypothesized that, like many other animals, these beetles would have metabolic rates in direct proportion to the total load (body mass plus added mass). Eight beetles (Xylorctes thestalus) walked at 1 cm s-1 on a motorized treadmill en...