Efficient coverage of an area by a mobile vehicle is a common challenge in many applications. Examples include automatic lawn mowers and vacuum cleaning robots. In this paper a vehicle with uncertain heading is studied. Five control strategies based on position measurements available only when the vehicle intersects the boundary of the area are compared. It is shown that the performance depends...

Robotic solutions and technological advances for turf management demonstrated excellent results in terms of quality, energy, time consumption. Two battery-powered autonomous mowers (2 WD 4 WD) with random patterns were evaluated according to different trampling levels (control, low, medium, high) on a typical warm season turfgrass at the DAFE, University Pisa, Italy. Data percentage area mowed,...

Bærheim Golfpark in Norway has changed most of its operations from conventional to automated mowing. The golf course a fleet 106 robots that mow the and pick up balls at driving range. project been innovative today, we have world's largest series-connected robot system. Along way, encountered number technical practical obstacles. Today, however, can say facility works well. transition manual mo...

Source reduction efforts have helped to keep waste generation rates under control. The state of the economy has a direct impact on consumption and waste generation. With the strong economic growth that has occurred throughout the 1990's, waste generation has continued to increase. Despite this, the total per capita waste generation has remained unchanged from 1997 to 1998. On-site yard waste co...

We have developed and implemented a framework for de novo sequencing of peptides using tandem mass spectrometry data. It first cleans the input spectrum with a number of data cleaning algorithms (“grass mowers”), followed by a sequencing algorithm that is a modification of a dynamic programming algorithm introduced in [CKT00]. In first experiments, our prototype performs well (but not better) i...

Tall fescue (Schedonorus arundinaceus (Schreb.) Dumort.) is often managed with a cutting height ranging from 70 to 100 mm in ornamental lawns. Some autonomous mowers have been specifically designed maintain mowing the same range. Generally, operate by following random trajectories, and substantial overlapping needed obtain full coverage of working area. In case tall grass, this may cause lodgin...

background: one of the most widely used equipments in harvesting hay and grains are four wheel mowers. the aim of the present study was to determine the levels of noise exposure in drivers and bystanders in different states, speeds and gear of four wheel mowers (bcs model 622).   methods: the iso 5131 and iso 6814 standards were used to assess noise exposure in drivers and bystanders, respectiv...

Aim We assessed the role of mowing machinery and endozoochory by migratory sheep as dispersal vectors in semi-natural grasslands comparing species compositions traits found to regional above-ground vegetation soil seed bank. Furthermore, we discuss how their interplay may affect conservation grasslands. Location Rhön Mountains, central Europe. Methods Plant material from mowers (n = 12 one date...