Peutz-Jeghers syndrome is a rare, autosomal dominant inherited disorder, which is characterized by mucocutaneous pigmentations, gastrointestinal polyposis and an increased risk of cancer. It is caused by germline mutations in the LKB1 tumour suppressor gene, as a result of which hamartomatous polyps can develop already at an early age, which may cause various complications, including abdominal ...

Introduction: Infrequent and characterized by mucocutaneous pigmentations, gastrointestinal polyposis, an increased risk of malignancy, Peutz-Jeghers syndrome is autosomal dominant genetic condition. The usual perioral macules patches that are colored in the buccal mucosa present 90% patients, numerous but not continuously contiguous lesions, primarily (G.I.) tract, with rarely more than 20 ham...

A 23-year-old man presented with multiple lip pigmentations. Longitudinal hyperpigmented streaks on his nails, as well as an ill-defined 2x3 mm pigmented spot on his right eye were noted (Figure 1). The family history was unremarkable. He was not taking any medication. Colonoscopy and barium radiography of intestine were unremarkable. Complete blood count, complete metabolic panel, and urinalys...

Melanin hyperpigmentation is the result of melanin granules. "Black gums" may cause esthetic problems. Different treatment modalities have been used with the aim of removing pigmentations for esthetic reasons, all of which have some advantages and disadvantages. Recurrent lesions are the most important concept in all of these treatments. Cryotherapy is a method of tissue destruction by rapid fr...

The present report describes a case of Laugier-Hunziker syndrome (LHS), a rare benign condition. A patient with LHS develops acquired melanotic pigmentation of the lips and buccal mucosa, often with pigmentation of the nails occurring. No systemic symptoms are associated with this syndrome. Normally, no treatment is required for this condition, unless for aesthetic reason, mainly due to pigment...

Carney's complex is composed of myxoma, spotty pigmentation and endocrine overactivity. A 27-year-old male was diagnosed to have Carney's complex on the basis of intense spotty pigmentations on his face, soles and palms, and bilateral adrenal nodular hyperplasia on computed tomography scanning (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Total bilateral adrenectomy was done; histological findings...

Background: Melanin pigmentation of the gingiva appears in all ethnicities. Excessive is an esthetic concern that has increased awareness about depigmentation procedures. This epidemiological study aims to find correlation between skin color and gingival Sulaimani Governorate, Kurdistan/Iraq. Subjects Methods: A total 820 apparently healthy non-smokers, including 338 males 482 females with ging...

OBJECTIVES To determine the diagnostic value of diascopy and other non-invasive clinical aids on recent differential diagnosis algorithms of oral mucosal pigmentations affecting subjects of any age. MATERIAL AND METHODS Data Sources: this systematic review was conducted by searching PubMed, Scopus, Dentistry & Oral Sciences Source and the Cochrane Library (2000-2015); Study Selection: two rev...