background and aims. this study aimed to investigate release of nickel ion from three types of nickel-titanium-based wires in the as-received state and after immersion in a simulated oral environment. materials and methods. forty specimens from each of the single-strand niti (rematitan “lite”), multi-strand niti (speed supercable) and copper niti (damon copper niti) were selected. twenty specim...

This investigation deals with multi server queue with balking. The customers arrive in poisson fashion and independent of time, under the assumption that system is initially empty. The number of customers in the system is stochastically increasing and distributed in steady state (stationary state) as required. The expressions for the measure of the speed of convergence from transient state to s...

Bir bütünlük olarak algılanan ulus-devletler genellikle faklı etnik grupların oluşturduğu bir denge haline karşılık gelmektedir. Kültürel, dini ya da milliyet içerikli farklılık gösterebilen alt gruplar, baskın etninin devlet mekanizmasını idare edebilme yetisi çerçevesinde örtük baskı ortamında varlıklarını sürdürmektedir. Dolayısıyla söz konusu halinin sürdürülebilirliği farklı unsurların dah...

this paper examines critically the contributions of cournot, jevons and walras as the founders of classical mathematical economics from a methodological standpoint. advances in different economic schools and doctrines in the 19th century produced an environment of multi-dimensionality in economic analysis which was regarded by the pioneers of classical mathematical economists as a chaotic state...

In the present study, we analyze the multi-channel service system with ordered entryfrom finite-source and finite-storage at each channel. The arrival and service rates are assumedto be state dependent. The steady state probabilities of the system are obtained by usingChapmann-Kolmogorov equations. Some other performance indices viz. utilization of servers,expected number of units in the system...

This paper has been worked on a RAP with multi-state components and the performance rate of each component working state may increase by spending technical and organizational activities costs. Whereas RAP belongs to Np-Hard problems, we used Genetic algorithm (GA) and simulated annealing (SA) and for solving the presented problem and calculating system reliability universal generating function ...

this paper presents a theoretical approach to implementation of the “multi-realization of nonlinear mimo systems”. this method aims to find state-variable realization for a set of systems, sharing as many parameters as possible. in this paper a special nonlinear multi-realization problem, namely the multi-realization of feedback linearizable nonlinear systems is considered and an algorithm for ...

This paper presents a theoretical approach to implementation of the “Multi-realization of nonlinear MIMO systems”. This method aims to find state-variable realization for a set of systems, sharing as many parameters as possible. In this paper a special nonlinear multi-realization problem, namely the multi-realization of feedback linearizable nonlinear systems is considered and an algorithm for ...