The H.264/AVC coding standard allows more than one decoded frame reference frames to make full use of reducing temporal redundancy in a video sequence. However, motion estimation in multiple frames introduces tremendous computational complexity. This paper presents a fast full search motion estimation algorithm for multiple reference frame motion estimation. The proposed method can be applied t...

The nature of reference frames involved in haptic spatial processing was addressed by means of a haptic mental rotation task. Participants assessed the parity of two objects located in various spatial locations by exploring them with different hand orientations. The resulting response times were fitted with a triangle wave function. Phase shifts were found to depend on the relation between the ...

Multiple reference frame motion estimation (MRF-ME) is one of the most crucial tools in H.264/AVC to improve coding efficiency. However, it disciplines an encoder by giving extra computational complexity. The required computation proportionally expands when the number of reference frames used for motion estimation increases. Aiming to reduce the computational complexity of the encoder, various ...

A data reuse algorithm for multiple reference frame motion estimation is described. The proposed algorithm reduces memory access by modifying the reference frame search order and search centre such that the likelihood of data reuse is increased. Experimental results show that the algorithm reduces memory access by 15–30% compared to the conventional fast reference frame selection algorithm, whi...

The object people perceive in an image can depend on its orientation relative to the scene it is in (its reference frame). For example, the images of the symbols × and + differ by a 45 degree rotation. Although real scenes have multiple images and reference frames, psychologists have focused on scenes with only one reference frame. We propose an ideal observer model based on nonparametric Bayes...

Weighted prediction (WP) is a tool introduced in H.264 to improve motion-compensation performance for video sequences with brightness variations. Various WP models to estimate the parameter set have been discussed in the literature. However, no single WP model works well for all types of brightness variations. A single reference frame multiple WP models (SRefMWP) scheme is proposed to facilitat...