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results when the two ms groups were compared together, we found that cr was significantly increased (p value=0.008) and naa/cr was significantly decreased (p value=0.03) in non-enhancing lesions in ppms compared with rrms. there was no significant difference in naa, cho or naa/cho between the two ms subtypes. conclusion mrs is a potential way to differentiate ppms and rrms. objectives we compar...

background: cognitive  impairment  is one of the  most crucial disorders  among  multiple  sclerosis (ms) patients. since  ms  is  an inflammatory disease   and   boswellia papyrifera has anti-inflammatory effects, the influence of b. papyrifera  on  cognitive  impairment   in  ms patients   has been investigated  in the present study. methods: in this clinical trial, 80 ms patients  who referr...

multiple sclerosis (ms) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (cns) which causes demyelination of the nerve fibers. the etiology of this disease is not well understood but it is believed that t helpers play a central role in ms. numerous findings support the view that th17 cells play an essential role in pathogenesis of ms and il-17 secreting t (th17) cells have a role in infla...

when pooled immunoglobulin g (igg) from patients with multiple sclerosis (ms) was used to probe a human fetal spinal cord λgt 11 cdna library, the igg was found to bind to a predicted epitope of human mitochondrial nd4 sequence. to investigate the involvement of the nd4 as an autoantigen in ms, we determined the presence of specific antibody in the serum of ms patients and serum samples of some...

conclusions components of social support, totally account for 19% of resiliency variance value of patient; the components of social support, family, friends, and other people’s support at only had lower contribution in predicting resiliency. support of this group of people to increase their resiliency seems necessary. results there was a significant association between social support and resili...

background: multiple sclerosis (ms) is a chronic disease characterized by degradation of the central nervous system myelin which may impair the balance of patients. core stability exercises have been the focus of attention for repairing the stability of some patients.   objectives: to assess the effect of core stability exercise on the balance of patients with multiple sclerosis. materials and ...

background:  multiple  sclerosis  (ms) is a  chronic inflammatory  demyelinating  and  neurodegenerative disease  of central  nervous  system  with unknown  causes. etiology of ms involves  both  genetic  and  environment factors.  the  interleukin  7   receptor   (il7r)   gene   is  a promising candidate  for ms, because its involvement in the autoimmunity, regulation of the t-cell homeostasis...

abstract background: fatigue is the most common and highly disabling symptom of multiple sclerosis (ms) that has negative effects on employment, the process of socialization, compliance with the disease, and other factors effective on activities of daily living. the usage of complementary and alternative medicine methods in ms patients is higher than in the general population. however, there is...