Two patients with isolated neurogenic hypertrophy of the trapezius muscle due to accessory nerve injury and a patient with neurogenic hypertrophy of the anterior tibial muscle due to chronic radicular lesion L4 are described. Electromyography of the affected muscles showed dense continuing spontaneous discharges of complex potentials. Muscle biopsy performed in two patients showed abundant hype...

Most research on muscle hypertrophy has focused on the responses of muscle cells to mechanical loading; however, a number of studies also suggest that inflammatory cells may influence muscle hypertrophy. Neutrophils and macrophages accumulate in skeletal muscle following increased mechanical loading, and we have demonstrated that macrophages are essential for hypertrophy following synergist abl...

PURPOSE Recent studies have shown that low-intensity resistance training with vascular occlusion (kaatsu training) induces muscle hypertrophy. A local hypoxic environment facilitates muscle hypertrophy during kaatsu training. We postulated that muscle hypertrophy can be more efficiently induced by placing the entire body in a hypoxic environment to induce muscle hypoxia followed by resistance t...

Fusion of skeletal muscle stem/progenitor cells is required for proper development and regeneration, however the significance of this process during adult muscle hypertrophy has not been explored. In response to muscle overload after synergist ablation in mice, we show that myomaker, a muscle specific membrane protein essential for myoblast fusion, is activated mainly in muscle progenitors and ...

Polyamines have been shown to be absolutely required for protein synthesis and cell growth. The serine/threonine kinase, the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), also plays a fundamental role in regulation turnover size, including skeletal muscle, where mTORC1 is sufficient increase muscle fiber necessary mechanical overload-induced hypertrophy. Recent evidence suggests that may ...

characterized by muscle stiffness and an inability of the muscle to quickly relax after voluntary contraction. although myotonia can affect any skeletal muscles, including muscles of the face and tongue, it occurs most often in the legs. myotonia causes muscle stiffness (a myotonic disorder should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a patient complaining of muscle stiffness) that can...