purpose: to describe the clinical findings, preoperative radiologic findings and results of surgery in a patient with congenital bilateral hypoplasia of medial rectus muscle case report: a 50-year-old man presented with large angle incomitant horizontal deviation with marked deficit of adduction of both eyes. mri finding defined very thin medial rectus muscle. intraoperatively medial rectus mus...

BACKGROUND Anterior transposition of the inferior oblique muscle is a popular treatment for dissociated vertical divergence. It seems that this surgical procedure may alter the palpebral fissure. OBJECTIVES To investigate the alteration of the palpebral fissure with inferior oblique muscle anterior transposition when it is performed as the sole operative procedure and to report the cases of p...

UNLABELLED This study was designed to assess the efficacy of gracilis muscle transposition in repairing recto-vaginal and rectourethral fistula. All patients had fecal diversion as a preliminary or concurrent step to fistula repair. Success was defined as healed fistula after stoma closure. RESULTS Six females and four males underwent gracilis muscle transposition from 1999 to 2006. Gracilis ...

The perineal hernia occurs more frequently in middle aged to aged male dogs, sexually intact, and it may be unilateral or bilateral. Because this disease may have high rate of recurrence and postoperative complications, the aim of this paper is to describe the clinical signs, diagnosis, foccusing to surgical treatments. Among the most effective techniques of pelvic diaphragm reconstruction are ...

INTRODUCTION Endoscopic surgical techniques improve the surgeon's view of sinus structures but are subject to extraocular muscle complications that cause permanent diplopia. METHODS A series of 15 patients with strabismus following endoscopic sinus surgery was reviewed retrospectively to characterize the type of muscle injury and report the results of surgical correction. RESULTS A variety ...

PURPOSE To evaluate the efficacy of transposition of the belly of the inferior oblique muscle in treating inferior oblique overaction with small angle hypertropia. METHODS The medical records of 10 patients who underwent inferior oblique belly transposition from March 2014 to July 2016 were reviewed. Transposition of the inferior oblique muscle belly consisted of suturing the entire body of t...

Gracilis muscle transposition is well established in general surgery and has been the main muscle transposition technique for anal incontinence. Dynamization, through a schedule of continuous electrical stimulation, converts the fatigue-prone muscle fibres to a tonic fatigue-resistant morphology with acceptable results in those cases where there is limited sphincter muscle mass. The differences...

BACKGROUND The anti-elevation syndrome is an adverse outcome of anterior transposition of the inferior oblique muscle. The presumed cause is an excessive anti-elevating force vector that occurs with attempted elevation in abduction. This causes apparent overaction of the contralateral inferior oblique muscle due to fixation duress. It has been suggested that excessive residual extorsion may hel...

BACKGROUND/AIMS Among the various weakening techniques of inferior oblique muscle overaction, the most commonly used techniques include myectomy, recession, and anterior transposition. Anterior transposition and myectomy were compared to evaluate the surgical results in inferior oblique overaction. METHODS 20 children with bilateral +3 overacting inferior oblique muscles underwent a prospecti...