introduction during the last decades interest in organic production of seed specially for medicinal plants take into consideration because of higher quality of organic products (hermes, 2010). seed germination is one of the principal stages in the plant life cycle and seeds with higher quality and vigour resulted in more pronounced seedlings growth and development. therefore, investigation of a...

The anaerobic digestion of organic waste for biogas production can be affected by some variables such as temperature; concentration of the biogas feed solution, bacteria populations, and pressure. This study investigated the effects of thermal pretreatment at 50, 75, and 100 ºC on the biogas produced by simultaneous anaerobic digestion of cow manure, mushroom waste, and wheat straw at thermophi...

Cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus on different substrates such as rice straw, rice straw + wheat straw, rice straw+ paper, sugarcane bagasse and sawdust of alder was investigated. All the substrates except rice straw were supplemented with 10% rice bran. The substrate without supplement was considered as control. The effects of various substrates on mycelial growth, colonization time, primordi...

A total of 400 samples were collected from different thermogenic habitats such as nests of birds, decomposing litter, soils from furnace area, cattle dung, zoo dump, industrial waste, vegetable market compost, mushroom compost, horse dung, municipal waste, chicken manure and coal mine soils of Godavari Khani (Karimnagar) and Bhoopalpally (Warangal) group of mines in Andhra Pradesh. From which 4...

Discarded dried button, dried oyster, and fresh button mushroom beds were examined for their bioactive compounds and industrial enzymes. Levels of reducing sugars and total sugars were high in all mushroom beds. Carboxymethyl cellulase activity was higher (920 μg/mL) in the dried oyster mushroom bed extract. Schizophyllum commune, Fomitopsis feei, Trametes gibbosa, and Trametes elegans were gro...

The Summitville Mine was a high-elevation (3500 m) gold mine in southwestern Colorado. The mine was abandoned in 1992, leaving approximately 200 ha of disturbance comprised partially of an open pit, a cyanide heap leach pad, and two large waste rock piles. Reclamation of these mine facilities is challenging due to extreme climatic conditions in conjunction with high acid-production potential an...

Two-phase olive mill waste (TPOMW, "alperujo") is a highly biotoxic sludge-like effluent of the olive-oil milling process with a huge seasonal production. One of the treatment approaches that has so far received little attention is the use of TPOMW as substrate for the cultivation of edible mushrooms. Fifteen fungal strains belonging to five species (Basidiomycota), that is, Agrocybe cylindrace...

This applicable research has successful selected enzyme Ctec2 from Novozyme (Denmark) which gave the best cellulose degradation activity compared to the other enzymes. At optimum conditions of 50 o C, pH=5 and ratio between enzyme and substrate (E/S) being 0.40%, 0.45%, 0.50%, the time needed to substrate degrade was 60 hours. Based on this finding, a new cotton waste composting technology for ...

Besides their traditional food usage, mushrooms can be used as a source of many pharmacologically active compounds, especially polysaccharides. Wastes left over in the edible mushroom farms such as Agaricus bisporus (white button mushroom) can also become free and alternative source of chitin-chitosan materials, beside the traditional industrial source shellfish waste materials. Chitosan, a nat...