The assessment of spatial cognitive learning in rodents is a central approach in neuroscience, as it enables one to assess and quantify the effects of treatments and genetic manipulations from a broad perspective. Although the Morris water maze (MWM) is a well-validated paradigm for testing spatial learning abilities, manual categorization of performance in the MWM into behavioral strategies is...

BACKGROUND Improper handling of medical wastes, which is common in Bangladesh, could adversely affect the hospital environment and community at large, and poses a serious threat to public health. We aimed to assess the knowledge and practices regarding medical waste management (MWM) among healthcare providers (HCPs) and to identify possible barriers related to it. MATERIAL AND METHODS A cross...

Gene transcription and translation in the hippocampus is of critical importance in hippocampus-dependent memory formation, including during Morris water maze (MWM) learning. Previous work using gene deletion models has shown that the immediate-early genes (IEGs) c-Fos, Egr-1, and Arc are crucial for such learning. Recently, we reported that induction of IEGs in sparse dentate gyrus neurons requ...

Let mcm(m,n) and mwm(m,n,N) be the complexities of computing a maximum cardinality matching and a maximum weight matching, and let mcmbi,mwmbi be their counterparts for bipartite graphs, where m,n, and N are the edge count, vertex count, and maximum integer edge weight. Kao, Lam, Sung, and Ting [1] gave a general reduction showing mwmbi(m,n,N) = O(N ·mcmbi(m,n)) and Huang and Kavitha [2] recent...

In recent work on linear register-based genetic programming (GP) we introduced the notion of Memory-with-Memory (MwM), where the results of operations are stored in registers using a form of soft assignment which blends a result into the current content of a register rather than entirely replace it. The MwM system yielded very promising results on a set of symbolic regression problems. In this ...

Steganography is the art of invisible communication. It is derived from the ancient Greece thousands of years ago (Johnson & Jajodia, 1998; Kahn, 1996), and grow rapidly in the past few years along with the development of digital technology and the internet. Modern steganography has been widely used in various scenarios such as secret communication, digital rights management, data temper detect...

ABSTRACT Introduction: Mulligan’s manual therapy technique at peripheral joints, namely mobilisation with movement (MWM), has been well documented in research for over a decade. The specific parameters of MWM prescription are relatively variable and generally ill defined. The purpose of this review was to critically evaluate the literature regarding MWM prescription at peripheral joints. Method...

There are an increasing number of reports espousing the clinically beneficial effects of Mulligan's mobilization-with-movement (MWM) treatment techniques. The most frequent reported effect is that of an immediate and substantial pain reduction accompanied by improved function. Prompted by these dramatic effects are questions regarding the mechanism(s) of action that underpins MWM. It appears ti...

Information processing has an important application which is speech recognition. In this paper, a two hybrid techniques have been presented. The first one is a 3-level hybrid of Stationary Wavelet Transform (S) and Discrete Wavelet Transform (W) and the second one is a 3-level hybrid of Discrete Wavelet Transform (W) and Multi-wavelet Transforms (M). To choose the best 3-level hybrid in each te...

For the first time, we study the parametric amplification process of multi-wave mixing (PA-MWM) signal and cascaded-nonlinearity process (CNP) in sodium vapors both theoretically and experimentally, based on a conventional phase-conjugate MWM and a self-diffraction four-wave mixing (SD-FWM) processes, which are pumped by laser or amplified spontaneous emission (ASE), respectively. For laser pum...