The purpose of this study was to evaluate ascorbic acid (AS) and ferric chloride (FE) for bonding 4-META/MMA-TBB resin to dentin that had been treated with NaClO. An experimental dentin conditioner consisting of 10%AS and 5%Fe (10AS-5FE) and three controls (10AS-0FE, 0AS-5FE, and 0AS-0FE) were prepared. Ascorcic acid neutralizes NaClO. The flattened dentin surfaces were modified sequentially wi...

Sanitation of environmental surfaces with chlorine based-disinfectants is a principal measure to control outbreaks of norovirus or Clostridium difficile. The microbicidal activity of chlorine-based disinfectants depends on the free available chlorine (FAC), but their oxidative potential is rapidly eliminated by organic matter. In this study, the microbicidal activities of weakly acidified chlor...

Long-term in vivo carcinogenicity tests of potassium bromate (KBrO3), sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), and sodium chlorite (NaClO2) have been conducted in Japan from 1977 to 1985. In these investigations, groups of approximately 50 male and 50 female F344 rats or B6C3F1 mice were given solutions of the compounds as their drinking water ad libitum at two dose levels determined on the basis of prelim...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the surface roughness of acrylic resin submitted to chemical disinfection via 1% sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) or 1% peracetic acid (C2H4O3). MATERIALS AND METHODS The disc-shaped resin specimens (30 mm diameter ×4 mm height) were polymerized by heated water using two cycles (short cycle: 1 h at 74°C and 30 min at 100°C; conventional long cycle: 9 h at 74°C). The release o...

The larval therapy involves the intentional application of sterilized and alive dipterans larvae on nonhealing wounds with the purpose of cleaning out the necrotic tissue to facilitate the healing process. This study aimed to evaluate the sterilization process and survival of Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius), Chrysomya putoria (Wiedemann) and Cochliomyia macellaria (Fabricius) (Diptera: Callip...

The behavioral responses of zebrafish (Danio rerio) to sublethal concentrations of sodium hypochlorite (NaClO)-based household bleach were quantified in order to index toxicity of the solution. The swimming behavior of zebrafish was captured using nonplanar 3D stereocameras in combination with 3D coordinate computation with perspective correction (3DCCPC) to compute for actual 3D coordinates. S...

Monochloramine (NH2Cl) is known to be one of the virulence factors in Helicobacter pylori-associated gastric mucosal injury. The present study was designed to examine NH2Cl-evoked DNA fragmentation in the gastric epithelial cell line MKN45. NH2Cl was produced by mixing NH3 with sodium hypochlorite (NaClO). MKN45 cells were exposed to NH2Cl, NH3, or NaClO in Hanks' balanced salt solution. DNA cl...

There is potential in the utilization of microalgae for the purification of wastewater as well as recycling the resource in the wastewater to produce biodiesel. The large-scale cultivation of microalgae requires pretreatment of the wastewater to eliminate bacteria and protozoa. This procedure is costly and complex. In this study, two methods of pretreatment, UV irradiation, and sodium hypochlor...

I report how some adulterants affect results for drugs of abuse in urine as measured by Roche RIA, Syva emit d.a.u., and Abbott TDx fpia (fluorescence polarization immunoassay) for the following drugs: amphetamines, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, cannabinoids, cocaine, opiates, and phencyclidine (PCP). Sodium chloride interfered negatively with all of these drugs when assayed by emit and caused...

RESUMO Diferentes técnicas de tratamento água destinada ao abastecimento público, como a pré-cloração e o uso coagulantes orgânicos, têm sido relatadas alternativas econômica, técnica ambientalmente viáveis. Entretanto, resultado da interação entre esses processos deve ser estudado para sua aplicação com segurança. Dessa forma, este estudo objetivou avaliar influência na clarificação utilizando...