removing of ions from different water and waste water is one of the most important of nanofiltration potential for different aims, such as softening of potable water, remove of heavy metal ions and purification of waste water to reuse. in this study nanofiltration was used to remove of the most important ions (na+, k+, ca2+, mg2+, so42-, cl-) in sugar beet press water to reuse of this stream. e...

In this study, polyethersulfone based nanofiltration membranes were modified by air plasma generated through dielectric barrier discharge to increase the membrane hydrophilicity aiming to improve the separation and antifouling characteristics. The effect of plasma time on the physico-chemical and separation properties of membrane was investigated. The PES nanofiltration membranes were fabricate...

A methodology for calcium sulfate (gypsum) scale control in nanofiltration of saline waters is presented. The methodology involves the use of both theoretically and experimentally determined parameters. Pitzer’s thermodynamic equations for electrolytes are used to determine the gypsum scaling potential of the feed water based on its ionic composition, whereas the extent of concentration polariz...

Composite Nanofiltration membranes were fabricated by incorporating Carbon Nanotubes (CNT) and Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) membranes. A suspension was prepared by dispersing CNT (30 minutes of sonication) in Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) solvent for 0.5 mg/ml. This suspension after vacuum filtration dispersed over PVDF membrane of pore size 0.22μm. Excess DMSO was removed by washing using Ethano...

A nanofiltration method has been developed in a microfluidic format for the continuous-flow pressure-driven purification of half-generation poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers, a family of macromolecules characterized by highly branching structures radiating from a central core, without additional solvents or buffers. An organic solvent resistant nanofiltration membrane, STARMEM 122, has been f...

The aim of this work is to design and integrate an optimized batch membrane process in a conventional purification process used for the treatment of tannery wastewater. The integration was performed by using two spiral wound membrane modules in series, that is, nanofiltration and reverse osmosis, as substitutes to the biological reactor. The membrane process was designed in terms of sensible fo...

Layer-by-Layer (LbL) is a method which can be used for nanoscale coating and surface functionalization of a material. LbL technique mainly uses the electrostatic attracting between charged materials (polyelectrolytes, nanoparticles, etc.) and an oppositely charged surface. In this study, protein separation (BSA) from lactose solution was carried out using the LbL self-assembly method, which was...

The performance of a nanofiltration membrane for the removal of the nickel ion was studied as a function of the nickel concentration, solution pH, and the background ionic strength of the solution. Nanofiltration is investigated as a means to determine to what extent the nickel ions could be removed from acid mine drainage; thus the effect of solution chemistry on nanofiltration performance is ...

Membrane technology, i.e., ultrafiltration and nanofiltration, is growing in popularity, as it is a space efficient alternative for surface water treatment. Two types of hollow fiber membranes were tested in a fully equipped and automated pilot at a Swedish water treatment plant. Raw water was treated by a nanofilter and by coagulation before an ultrafilter. Operation parameters recorded during...

in this study, nf membrane was used for surface water treatment. the rejection of organic material, measured as total organic carbon (toc), by nanofiltration was examined. the effects of application of pre-ozonation and pre-chlorination on toc removal are discussed and their performances are compared with the performances of nanofiltraion system without pretreatment process. in nf, natural orga...