The seven nap genes at minute 47 on the Escherichia coli K-12 chromosome encode a functional nitrate reductase located in the periplasm. The molybdoprotein, NapA, is known to be essential for nitrate reduction. We now demonstrate that the two c-type cytochromes, the periplasmic NapB and the membrane-associated NapC, as well as a fourth polypeptide, NapD, are also essential for nitrate reduction...

Modified cold-induced aggregation microextraction (M-CIAME) is a fast and simple method for extraction and preconcentration of metal ions from samples with high salt content. Furthermore, this technique is much safer in comparison with the organic solvent extraction. The extraction of palladium (Pd) was performed in the presence of Michler thioketone (TMK) as the complexing agent. In this metho...

Abstract CF x deliver the ultra-high theoretical specific capacity. Nevertheless, its solvent co-intercalation for rechargeable Na–ion battery cathodes has lacked investigation. Here, we explored co–intercalation behaviour with 1 M NaPF 6 in PC or FEC various and found that is conducive to extended discharge voltage window 1.0 V. Among them, F-CF 0.88 present a discharge-specific capacity first...

Iron (Fe)-based layered oxide cathodes that employ Fe 3+ /Fe 4+ redox reaction present a family of attractive cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries as iron is abundant, low-cost, and environmentally benign. However, their electrochemical performance not yet satisfactory requires further improvement. In this study, we investigate the effect electrolytes on α -NaFeO 2 , prototypical model Fe...

To bridge the gap between current lithium-ion battery technology and alternative cell chemistries such as, e.g., sodium-ion batteries, majority of research in this field focuses on improvement cell’s energy density by development new active materials for reversible storage sodium ions. On other hand, power density, which is determined ionic transport thermodynamic parameters electrolyte, namely...