Our nose, paranasal sinuses, as well as the throat (pharynx) are part of the upper respiratory tract, which consists of two parts. Anatomically, the external and internal parts of the nose can be illustrated. The first consists of nasal bones and nasal cartilages and the internal nose is formed by the nasal cavity and the nasal concha also known as turbinates (choanae), are separated by the nas...

BACKGROUND Commonly used techniques for achieving nasal tip projection and refinement are adequate for most primary rhinoplasty patients, but they may result in undesirable tip bifidity and visible lower lateral cartilage angularity, especially in patients with thin skin. OBJECTIVE We report the use of "like" local tissues, cephalic trim cartilage remnants of the lower lateral cartilages, as ...

Over the nasal bones and lateral cartilages the skin is thin and fairly freely movable. The skin is much thicker, contains more glands, and is firmly adherent over the alar cartilages. The blood supply is mainly in the soft tissues. The dissection should lie in planes of cleavage whereby vessels are avoided and bleeding is minimized. The bony nose consists of paired nasal bones which are thin i...

OBJECTIVE We employ a nasal tip finite element model (FEM) to evaluate contributions of two of the three major tip support mechanisms: attachments between the upper and lower lateral cartilages and attachment of the medial crura to the caudal septum. STUDY DESIGN The nasal tip FEM computed stress distribution and strain energy density (SED) during nasal tip compression. We examined the impact...

diced rib cartilage is an acceptable option in severe nasal deformities. we present our preliminary experience in kamc in nasal septoplasties using the autologous diced costal cartilage. this is a retrospective study of the 22 cases who needed the autologous diced costal cartilage in our centre in 4 years. all our patients needed autologous diced rib cartilages. twelve were wrapped with tempora...

THE normal columella consists of the medial crura of the alar cartilages surrounded by skin. Its logical anatomical reconstruction should therefore also have a central cartilaginous axis. This may be accomplished in cases of short columella following bilateral hare lips by rotating downwards part of the nasal septum. The method not only lengthens the columella but also elevates the flat nasal t...

OBJECTIVE To review the indications for, surgical techniques of, and results of vertical lobule division (VLD) of the alar cartilages. DESIGN Prospective study of patients assigned to undergo variations of VLD of the lower lateral cartilages. SETTING Private facial plastic surgery practice in a major university teaching hospital. PATIENTS Twenty-four patients who underwent variations of V...

OBJECTIVE To describe and evaluate results of a surgical procedure to treat internal nasal valve insufficiency with the use of spreader grafts placed via an endonasal approach without division of the upper lateral cartilages from the nasal septum. DESIGN Eighty-nine patients with complaints of nasal obstruction, at least partially due to internal nasal valve insufficiency, underwent this oper...

In patients having a short nose with a short septal length and/or severe columellar retraction, a septal extension graft is a good solution, as it allows the dome to move caudally and pushes down the columellar base. Fixing the medial crura of the alar cartilages to a septal extension graft leads to an uncomfortably rigid nasal tip and columella, and results in unnatural facial animation. Furth...