OBJECTIVE Complete separation of upper and lower respiratory tract after total laryngectomy results in loss of physiological nasal functions and presence of "unconditioned" inspired air in lower airways. Aim of this study is evaluating the presence of a microbial colonization of nasal cavities and trachea in laryngectomized long-term survivors. METHODS Twenty-five laryngectomized patients und...

Introduction: Environmental fungi, molds and yeasts, can infest the nasal cavity through inhaled air. There is some evidence that they could be the main cause of Chronic Rhinosinusitis (CRS) but little is known about the normal fungal flora in the human nose. The objective of this study was to assess the normal fungal flora of the nasal mucus in adults in Kerman. Materials and Methods: We ...

Lactoferrin (Lf), a mammalian iron scavenging defense protein, constitutively is present in exocrine secretions that consistently are exposed to microbial flora: milk, tears, tubotympanum and nasal exudate, saliva, bronchial mucus, gastrointestinal fluids, cervicovaginal mucus, and seminal fluid. Additionally, Lf is promptly delivered by circulating neutrophils to sites of microbial invasion. A...

INTRODUCTION In granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), a complex autoimmune small-vessel vasculitis frequently associated with chronic necrotizing inflammation of the nasal mucosa, elevated nasal Staphylococcus (S.) aureus carrier rates are a risk factor for relapse. As cytokines are primarily involved in the regulation of defense against potentially pathogenic microorganisms, the aim of this ...

UNLABELLED Myiasis in ENT, once a deadly disease still presents as a significant outdoor problem, though advances in management including supportive therapy has led to early healing with significant reduction in bed occupancy rate. AIMS To assess the clinico etiology, relationship of myiasis to habit and habitat of patients and to assess the changes in age, seasonal, socioeconomic incidence, ...

The microbial flora associated with fleas may affect their ability to transmit specific pathogens, including Yersinia pestis, and also could be used to develop paratransgenesis-based approaches to interfere with transmission. To begin addressing this hypothesis, the microbial flora associated with the relatively efficient Y. pestis vectors Xenopsylla cheopis (Rothschild) (Siphonaptera: Pulicida...

this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of beta plus probiotic, a mixture of bacillius leicheniformic and bacillius subtilis , on the growth performance and intestinal microbial flora of caspian trout ( salmo caspius ). a basal diet was formulated and supplemented with beta plus at 0, 0.5 and 1 g kg -1 , leading to three experimental diets. each experimental diet was randomly assigned ...

In a healthy human, the internal tissues, e.g. blood, brain, muscle, etc., are normally free of microorganisms. However, the surface tissues, i.e., skin and mucous membranes, are constantly in contact with environmental organisms and become readily colonized by various microbial species. The mixture of organisms regularly found at any anatomical site is referred to as the normal flora. The norm...

Davis, Nour A. (University of Lagos Medical School, Lagos, Nigeria), and G. H. G. Davis. Ecology of nasal staphylococci. J. Bacteriol. 89:1163-1168. 1965.-The rate of nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus in Nigerian adults (46%) approximates that found in other countries. The rate in infants under 12 months was ca. 70%, which exceeds that found elsewhere, e.g., England. The incidence of peni...