Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is a fast and non-destructive analytical technique that offers many advantages for a broad range of industrial applications. In this work, we reviewed recent developments in the pharmaceutical domain where it can be applied from raw material identification to final product release. The characteristics of NIR allow the technique to be implemented as a process ana...

A system that provides a sustained hyperpolarized (1)H NMR signal in an aqueous medium is reported. The enhanced signal lasts much longer than typical (1)H T(1) values, uncovering new possibilities for implementing hyperpolarized (1)H NMR/MRI experiments or performing kinetics studies that would not otherwise be detectable.

Optical techniques are promising methods for measuring tissue temperature noninvasively due to the transparency of tissue to near infrared-light and the temperature dependent light-absorbing properties of endogenous absorbers, particularly water. Besides being noninvasive, the instruments are compact and portable, permitting bedside monitoring.

Polarization-resolved coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) is usually applied to measure the depolarization ratio in solutions or evidence orientation effects in anisotropic media. We present an extensive approach based on multiple-field polarization-resolved CARS, in order to unravel the complexity of vibrational resonances up to the fourth-order symmetry, at the microscopic scale in n...

Pharmaceutical counterfeiting is becoming a serious problem both in developed and developing countries. This paper considers the extent of the problem and provides several examples of drugs which have been counterfeited. Additionally, the effects of counterfeit products on consumers, health care providers, drug manufacturers and governments are discussed. Several of the currently used methods o...

This is a longitudinal study on development of prefrontal function in young children. Prefrontal areas have been observed to develop dramatically during early childhood. To elucidate this development, we gave children cognitive shifting tasks related to prefrontal function at 3 years of age (Time 1) and 4 years of age (Time 2). We then monitored developmental changes in behavioral performance a...

background : near infrared spectroscopy imaging is one of the new techniques used for investigating structural and functionality of different body tissues. this is done by injecting light into the medium and measuring the photon intensity at the surface of the tissue. method : in this paper the different medical applications, various imaging and simulation techniques of nirs imaging is describe...

The use of the spectral derivative method in visible and near-infrared optical spectroscopy is presented, whereby instead of using discrete measurements around several wavelengths, the difference between nearest neighbouring spectral measurements is utilized. The proposed technique is shown to be insensitive to the unknown tissue and fibre contact coupling coefficients providing substantially i...