IMPORTANCE The complement factor H R1210C rare variant confers the strongest genetic risk for age-related macular degeneration and earlier age at onset; however, its associated phenotype has not been well characterized. OBJECTIVE To describe specific fundus features of a white population with the R1210C rare variant. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Fundus features specific for diagnosis a...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the natural course of age-related maculopathy (ARM) and to assess the incidence and absolute risk of its final stage, age-related macular degeneration (AMD). METHODS In a population-based prospective cohort study of 6418 persons 55 years and older, we studied the incidence and natural course of ARM. Subjects underwent identical examinations, including stereoscopic fundu...

PURPOSE To correlate fundus autofluorescence (FAF) patterns in choroidal melanocytic lesions with changes present on the surface of such lesions, including lipofuscin, hyperpigmentation, drusen, and fibrous metaplasia, and to describe the effect of treatment on FAF. METHODS Retrospective chart review of 23 consecutive patients with choroidal nevi and melanoma who underwent FAF photography. Th...

PURPOSE To evaluate the validity of the novel and noninvasive retro-mode imaging modality of confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (cSLO) for detecting the morphological features of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV). DESIGN Prospective, observational, consecutive case series. METHODS Twenty-six patients (29 eyes) with PCV were enrolled in this study. All patients underwent comprehens...

BACKGROUND Small hard macular drusen can be observed in the retina of adults as young as 18 years of age. Here, we seek to describe the in vivo topography and geometry of these drusen. METHODS Retinal images were acquired in young, healthy adults using colour fundus photography, spectral domain optic coherence tomography (SD-OCT), reflectance flood-illuminated adaptive optic ophthalmoscopy (A...

PURPOSE To compare the measurements of drusen area from manual segmentation of color fundus photographs with those generated by an automated algorithm designed to detect elevations of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) on spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) images. METHODS Fifty eyes with drusen secondary to nonexudative age-related macular degeneration were enrolled. All ...

PURPOSE We describe the differences and similarities in clinical characteristics and phenotype of familial and sporadic patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). METHODS We evaluated data of 1828 AMD patients and 1715 controls enrolled in the European Genetic Database. All subjects underwent ophthalmologic examination, including visual acuity testing and fundus photography. Images...

Purpose To report prevalence, clinical characteristics, and prognostic significance of refractile drusen in eyes with intermediate age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Methods Presence of refractile drusen by color fundus photography (CFP), corresponding findings by multimodal imaging, and longitudinal changes with annual examinations for up to 4 years were analyzed within a prospective na...

PURPOSE To compare axial length (AL) and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) between individuals with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and controls with no lesions. METHODS This was a case-control study. In total, 853 eyes of 484 patients (>65 years), including 397 eyes at various AMD stages and 456 eyes with no fundus lesions (controls) were recruited. Using color fundus photography, ...