S100B in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF-S100B) was measured in calves with 20 neurologic and 21 non-neurologic diseases to clarify its utility as a biomarker for neurologic diseases. The median CSF-S100B value in the neurologic disease group (43.0 ng/ml) was significantly higher than that in the non-neurologic disease group (10.2 ng/ml). As CSF-S100B levels in calves with neurologic diseases widely d...

Copyright © 2012 Simone Appenzeller et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Autoimmune diseases have a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations. Among them, neurologic involvement, both from the central nervous sys...

Various neurologic diseases such as multiple sclerosis and Parkinson disease can cause pulmonary complications. Pulmonary disorders often manifest late in a neuromuscular disease, but occasionally a respiratory problem may be the first sign. Often the first signs are sleep disturbances and nocturnal desaturation. Although the diseases are diverse, common principles apply in their management.

Temporohyoid osteoarthropathy is a relatively common neurologic disorder in the horse. Since 2000, we have examined 26 horses with this condition. The etiology of this arthritic disease is unknown and although previous otitis interna/media is generally blamed there is little evidence to support this hypothesis. Only a small number of cases have active infection (mostly gram positive cocci and o...