PURPOSE To provide guidelines on antimicrobial prophylaxis for adult neutropenic oncology outpatients and on selection and treatment as outpatients of those with fever and neutropenia. METHODS A literature search identified relevant studies published in English. Primary outcomes included: development of fever and/or infections in afebrile neutropenic outpatients and recovery without complicat...

Febrile neutropenia is a frequent complication in hematology-oncology, BMT, and solid organ transplantation. Approximately 50% of those who develop febrile neutropenia have a documented or occult infection. Febrile patients with severe neutropenia (<100/mm3) have bacteremia in up to 20% of cases. Initial evaluation should include careful history and physical examination with particular attentio...

Neutropenic enterocolitis is a rare, life-threatening disease, characterized by fever and abdominal pain in the setting of neutropenia. It occurs most commonly in oncologic patients who are profoundly neutropenic as a result of cytotoxic chemotherapy. Neutropenic enterocolitis as a complication of medical therapy for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been rarely reported in literature. We describe ...

The following aspects of the management of patients with granulocytopenia and fever are reviewed in this article: adaptation of initial antibiotic regimens to the recent changes in the most common causative pathogens (namely a change from Gram-negative bacteria to Gram-positive bacteria and fungi); subsequent modifications of the empirically administered treatments; improvement of the host's de...

The incidence of mucocutaneous herpes simplex virus infection confirmed by culture and occurring during febrile neutropenic episodes was determined in 43 patients with haematological malignancy. The outcome of 72 episodes of neutropenic fever was determined and correlated with the presence or absence of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection. Twenty four patients had mucocutaneous HSV infection d...

Background Neutropenic fever and mucositis with 70% outbreak average is one of the major reasons of death in the acute leukemia adult patients. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship of serum zinc level with neutropenic fever and mucositis prevalence in acute leukemia adult patients and comparison of the effects of therapeutic intervention with the serum zinc correct level in t...

Neutropenic enterocolitis is a potentially life-threatening complication of malignancies and also the other neutropenic conditions. It characterized by typically clinical course of fever, diarrhoea and abdominal pain that may be localized to the right lower quadrant with radiological evidence of ileocecal inflamation. We present a case of an 9-year-old girl with neutropenic enterocolitis who ma...