Blossom-end rot (BER) is one of the major physiological disorders of greenhouse bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). The objective of the present work was to study the effects of the solution N concentration and N-NO3 : N-NH4 ratio on fruit yield and the incidence of BER and other fruit-quality traits of greenhouse-grown bell pepper in a Mediterranean climate. Three experiments were conducted: Exp...

A self-design bioreactor system employing a fixed bed operation process with immobilized Bacillus subtilis AYC beads for NH4+-N removal from slightly polluted water was proposed. Polyvinyl alcohol and Na-alginate were used as a gel matrix to entrap Bacillus subtilis AYC to form the immobilized beads. The NH4+-N removal process was studied in a intermittent operation mode to examine the start-up...

Chemical precipitation to form magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP) is an effective technology for recovering ammonium nitrogen (NH4(+)-N). In the present research, we investigated the thermodynamic modeling of the PHREEQC program for NH4(+)-N recovery to evaluate the effect of reaction factors on MAP precipitation. The case study of NH4(+)-N recovery from coking wastewater was conducted to provi...

KSCN and NH4SCN aqueous solutions were investigated with intermolecular vibrational energy transfer methods. In a KSCN/H2O (1/10 molar ratio) solution, 90% of the initial excitation of the CN stretch (~2066 cm(-1)) of the SCN(-) anion is transferred to the HOH bending mode (~1636 cm(-1)) of water molecules with an energy transfer time constant 3.1 ps. In a NH4SCN/H2O (1/10 molar ratio) solution...

A significant amount of ammonium (NH4+) is absorbed by the colon. The nature of NH4+ effects on transport and NH4+ transport itself in colonic epithelium is poorly understood. The goal of this study was to elucidate the effects of NH4+ on cAMP-stimulated Cl- secretion in the colonic cell line T84. In HEPES-buffered solutions, application of basolateral NH4+ resulted in a reduced level of Cl- se...

Enhanced soil ammonium (NH4+) concentrations in wetlands often lead to graminoid dominance, but species composition is highly variable. Although NH4+ is readily taken up as a nutrient, several wetland species are known to be sensitive to high NH4+ concentrations or even suffer toxicity, particularly at low soil pH. More knowledge about differential graminoid responses to high NH4+ availability ...

1) Comment: General Comments: The manuscript presents an extensive analysis of 13C, NO3 and NH4 -uptake versus irradiance experiments for the Arctic subsurface chlorophyll maxima (SCM). NO3 and NH4 – uptake versus irradiance experiments are rarely conducted alongside traditional “P vs E” curves, so the paper includes some novel information on the rates of NO3 and NH4 uptake compared to carbon f...

1) Comment: General Comments: The manuscript presents an extensive analysis of 13C, NO3 and NH4 -uptake versus irradiance experiments for the Arctic subsurface chlorophyll maxima (SCM). NO3 and NH4 – uptake versus irradiance experiments are rarely conducted alongside traditional “P vs E” curves, so the paper includes some novel information on the rates of NO3 and NH4 uptake compared to carbon f...

The leachates generated at Hong Kong landfill sites contain high strength of ammonium-nitrogen (NH4+-N) over 3,000 mg l(-1) and are generally inhibitive to most biological treatment processes. To remove the NH4+-N from the landfill leachates and also recover the nitrogen as a struvite fertilizer, a lab-scale study was performed to investigate the feasibility of NH4+-N removal and struvite cryst...

Both nitrate (NO3-N) and ammonia (NH4-N) concentrations are in general highly variable during a lake’s seasonal cycle. During the growing seasonal peak, such concentrations can be very low due mainly to its’ sequestration by phytoplankton. With the aim to study NO3-N and NH4-N mean concentration variation along the increase of the trophic state of lakes, this study simultaneously analyses the i...