Experimental, theoretical, and calculational details are presented for the three independent micrometrology techniques used to certify the mean diameter of Standard Reference Materisd 1960, nominal 10 μm diameter polystyrene spheres ("space beads"). The mean diameters determined by the three techniques agreed remarkably well, with all measurements within 0.1% of each other, an unprecedented ach...

DOI: 10.1002/admi.201400493 wavelength and amplitude ( Figure 1 a). Further increase in the strain level triggered the transition from wrinkles to folds, creating well-defi ned closed channels with a diameter in the nanoscale range (Figure 1 b). The characteristic dimensions of the channels such as wavelength, amplitude, and diameter were robustly tunable by changing the duration of oxygen plas...

BACKGROUND Hollow earmolds have become a popular type of earmold used in thin-tube, microsize hearing aid fittings. It is desirable for clinicians to be familiar with their characteristics and limitations. PURPOSE This investigation compared the effects of vent diameter between a traditional solid earmold and a hollow earmold that is used in modern thin-tube hearing aid fittings. RESEARCH D...

IV For the calculation of the local critical velocity for a bed of sack gabions, it is advised to use Izbash' formula with a gabion stability factor (γ in formula [10]) while calculating the nominal diameter of a sack gabion as in formula [1] (a mass based approach):

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to compare the dimensional standard of several nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) rotary files and verify the size conformity. MATERIALS AND METHODS ProFile (Dentsply Maillefer), RaCe (FKG Dentaire), and TF file (SybronEndo) #25 with a 0.04 and 0.06 taper were investigated, with 10 in each group for a total of 60 files. Digital images of Ni-Ti files were captured und...

This paper proposes a mechanism of controlling the diameter and separation of metallic nanorods from physical vapor deposition through self-organized seeds and experimentally demonstrates the feasibility using Ag as the prototype metal, In as the seed, and Si the substrate. Being non-wetting on Si substrates, deposited In atoms self-organize into islands. Subsequently deposited Ag atoms attach ...

Spherically symmetric direct-drive-ignition designs driven by laser beams with a focal-spot size nearly equal to the target diameter suffer from energy losses due to crossed-beam energy transfer (CBET). Significant reduction of CBET and improvements in implosion hydrodynamic efficiency can be achieved by reducing the beam diameter. Narrow beams increase low-mode perturbations of the targets bec...

OBJECTIVES The recent introduction of transcatheter aortic heart valves into clinical practice has driven the need to develop methodologies to size such valves without access to the annulus in the manner hitherto possible with open heart surgery. To date, sizing has largely been done according to manufacturer-supplied guidelines based on transoesophageal echocardiography or multidetector comput...