It has been more than a century since dry cleaning had its origin in Paris, France. Since that time, the dry cleaning process, whereby garments are cleaned in a nonaqueous solvent, has witnessed many refinements. Gasoline and carbon tetrachloride have been replaced as dry cleaning fluids by perchloroethylene (perc, and also known as tetrachloroethylene), Stoddard solvent (a petroleum distillate...

We present a new approach for predicting solvation free energies in nonaqueous solvents. Utilizing the corresponding states principle, we estimate solvent Lennard-Jones parameters directly from their critical points. Combined with atomic solutes and the pressure corrected three-dimensional reference interaction site model (3D-RISM/PC+), the model gives accurate predictions for a wide range of n...

The term organic coating encompasses conventional paints, varnishes, enamels, lacquers, water-emulsion and solution finishes, nonaqueous dispersions (organosols), plastisols and powder coatings. The following definitions have been used commonly, although they have not always been strictly applied. Paint is a suspension of finely divided pigment particles in a liquid composed of a binder (resin)...

An annual increase of CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere causes global environmental problems, addressed by systematic research to develop effective technologies for capturing and utilizing carbon dioxide. Electrochemical catalytic reduction is one directions conversion into valuable chemicals fuels. The electrochemical at catalytically active electrodes aqueous solutions most studied. Howeve...

The dynamics and conformational landscape of proteins in organic solvents are events of potential interest in nonaqueous process catalysis. Conformational changes, folding transitions, and stability often correspond to structural rearrangements that alter contacts between solvent molecules and amino acid residues. However, in nonaqueous enzymology, organic solvents limit stability and further a...

The thermodynamics of fluoride ion solvation in nonaqueous and mixed aqueous solvents are reviewed. Gibbs energies of transfer , at^ O (F ) H20+ , indicate that the solvation of the fluoride ion is dominated by hydrogen bonding. Thus, at^ o ( ~ ) H 2 0 S is unfavourable for virtually all solvents, especially dipolar aprotics, and correlates well with solvent acceptor strength. The corresponding...

In this study, nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis (NACE) was used to separate three open-cage fullerenes. Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) was used as the nonaqueous background electrolyte to change the analytes' mobilities. The selectivity and separation efficiency were critically affected by the nature of the buffer system, the choice of organic solvent, and the concentrations of TFA and sodium a...