AIMS The short wavelength sensitive (S) cone electroretinograms (ERGs) were examined in two patients with the complete type of congenital stationary night blindness (CSNB). METHODS Ganzfeld spectral flashes in the presence of strong white adapting fields were used to elicit the S cone ERGs. RESULTS The S cone ERG b-wave was not detectable to short wavelength stimuli, while the mixed long (L...

Definitions and properties for three types of cones, i.e., tangent, normal and visibility cones for regular parametric surfaces, are provided. Algorithms to compute these cones for a regular B6zier surface are provided. It is shown that a tangent cone can be computed from a hodograph, and a normal cone can be computed from a normal surface of a B6zier surface. It is also shown that a simple tra...

PURPOSE To study the relationship between cone spacing and density and clinical measures of visual function near the fovea. METHODS High-resolution images of the photoreceptor mosaic were obtained with adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy from 26 patients with inherited retinal degenerations. Cone spacing measures were made close to or at the foveal center (mean [SD] eccentricity, 0....

We extend the construction of normal cone a closed embedding schemes to any locally morphism finite type higher Artin stacks and show that in Deligne-Mumford case our recovers relative intrinsic Behrend Fantechi. characterize extension as unique one satisfying short list axioms, use it construct deformation cone. As an application methods, we associate equipped with choice global perfect obstru...

PURPOSE To determine short-term variability of adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (AOSLO)-derived cone spacing measures in eyes with inherited retinal degenerations (IRD) and in normal eyes. METHODS Twenty IRD patients and 10 visually normal subjects underwent AOSLO imaging at two visits separated by no more than 1 month (NCT00254605). Cone spacing was measured in multiple macular ...

PURPOSE To determine the light sensitivity of poorly reflective cones observed in retinas of normal subjects, and to establish a relationship between cone reflectivity and perceptual threshold. METHODS Five subjects (four male, one female) with normal vision were imaged longitudinally (7-26 imaging sessions, representing 82-896 days) using adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (AOSLO)...

Normal vectors of a surface are essential in various geometry-related applications. Since a normal vector at a point on a parametric surface is computed by a cross product of two tangent vectors at the point, a regular parametric surface may possess a degenerate normal vector at a point when tangent vectors of the surface are linearly dependent at the point. This paper describes an algorithm wh...

A constant angle surface in Minkowski space is a spacelike surface whose unit normal vector field makes a constant hyperbolic angle with a fixed timelike vector. In this work we study and classify these surfaces. In particular, we show that they are flat. Next we prove that a tangent developable surface (resp. cylinder, cone) is a constant angle surface if and only if the generating curve is a ...