We investigate electron cooling based on a clean normal-metal/spin-filter/superconductor junction. Due to the suppression of the Andreev reflection by the spin-filter effect, the cooling power of the system is found to be extremely higher than that for conventional normal-metal/nonmagnetic-insulator/superconductor coolers. Therefore we can extract large amount of heat from normal metals. Our re...

Various nonlinear, fixed-neighborhood techniques based on local statistics have been proposed in the literature for filtering noise in color images. We present adaptive-neighborhood filtering (ANF) techniques for noise removal in color images. The main idea is to find for each pixel (called the “seed” when being processed) a variable-shaped, variable-sized neighborhood that contains only pixels...

We show that low-lying eigenmodes of the Laplace operator are suitable to represent properties of the underlying SU(2) lattice configurations. We study this for the case of finite temperature background fields, yet in the confinement phase. For calorons as classical solutions put on the lattice, the lowest mode localizes one of the constituent monopoles by a maximum and the other one by a minim...

slow sand filters are as a proper technology for pre-treatment of raw water, with a fine and medium trubidity in small communities in developing countries. thus, with a minimum operation cost and minimum need for expest bodies have the maximum efficiency. the purpose of this research is carried out to evaluate the efficiency of two processes of horizontal flow roughing filter and vertical flow ...

Tracking the targets of interest has been one of the major research areas in radar surveillance system. We formulate the tracking problem as an incomplete data problem and apply the EM algorithm to obtain the MAP estimate. The resulting filter has a recursive structure analogous to the Kalman filter. The difference is that the measurementupdate deals with multiple measurements and the parameter...

Previous work by the authors have shown that the acceleration response of a damaged beam subject to a constant moving load can be assumed to be made up of three components: ‘dynamic’, ‘static’ and ‘damage’. Therefore, appropriate filtering of the acceleration signal can be used to highlight the ‘damage’ component and quantify its severity. This paper builds on these findings to examine if the s...

We demonstrate the first all-fiber Raman probe utilizing higher order modes for the excitation. The spectrum of cyclohexane is measured using both the fundamental mode as well as in-fiber-generated Bessel-like modes. © 2013 Optical Society of America OCIS codes: 060.2370, 060.4370.

In this paper a new method of frequency tracking based on modified adaptive notch filter is proposed to solve the problem of dynamic frequency tracking of low capacity power system, the ANF equations is discretizated, the influence of the ANF parameters on frequency tracking is analyzed, the band-pass pre-filter and the low-pass post-filter are applied. With applying iterative updates synchrono...

The article explores the finding that high shear alone applied to normal, native blood results in platelet aggregation. A filter with tortuous capillary-sized channels permits a study of the effect of shearing forces at different pressures. Native, heparinized, citrated and EDTA blood and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) were forced through the filter. Normal and von Willebrand's blood were studied, ...