background:the first step in diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy is measurement ofalbumin in a spot urine sample. the aim of this study was assessment of the accuracy of urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (uacr) in random urine specimens (rus) for microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria screening in iranian diabetic patients. methods:a total of 200 diabetic patients participated to our study. 24 h...

Blood pressure was measured in the north and in the south of the People's Republic of China in 1002 men and 1006 women. The 24-hour urinary excretion of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and creatinine was measured, and the relationship between urinary cations and blood pressure was studied. Blood pressure and 24-hour sodium excretion were higher in northern China than in southern China. W...

As part of a longitudinal study of migrants who move from a subsistence farming rural society to Nairobi, blood pressures and associated factors were measured in cross sectional studies of members of the Luo tribe in their traditional rural environment and in the urban environment of Nairobi. Blood pressures in Nairobi correlated with duration of urban residence. In the rural area men showed a ...

background urinary tract infection (uti) is common in children. uti with or without vesico-ureteral reflux (vur) may result in renal scarring. severe renal scarring impairs renal function and may result in hypertension, renal insufficiency, and end stage renal disease requiring dialyses or transplantation. beta 2 micro-globulin (ß2mg) is a low molecular weight protein freely filtered by the glo...

Background Association between casual and 24-h urinary sodium-to-potassium (Na/K) ratio is well recognized, although it has not been validated in diverse demographic groups. Our aim was to assess utility across and within populations of casual urine to estimate 24-h urinary Na/K ratio using data from the INTERSALT Study. Methods The INTERSALT Study collected cross-sectional standardized data ...

The urinary calcium/creatinine ratio (UCa/Cr) in spot urine samples has been used extensively for screening and diagnosis of hypercalciuria (HC). The aim of this study was to determine the normal values for UCa/Cr, urinary sodium/creatinine (UNa/Cr), urinary potassium/creatinine (UK/Cr) and urinary sodium/potassium (UNa/K) ratios in healthy Turkish children aged 0-5 years. A total of 425 childr...

Twenty-one babies of 34-41 weeks' gestational age with birth asphyxia (5 minute Apgar score less than or equal to 5 or umbilical artery pH less than or equal to 7.2) were studied during the first two days of life to find out whether the urinary excretion of tubular markers of renal function is of value in the early diagnosis of acute renal failure. Urinary retinol binding protein, myoglobin, an...

Blood pressure measurements were made on children in their fourth year at secondary schools in parts of Scunthorpe Health District supplied with drinking water of varying sodium content. Of the 3131 children, 2740 were examined (1394 boys and 1346 girls). Boys had slightly higher systolic pressures and slightly lower diastolic pressures than the girls. There was no difference between the blood ...

Urinary kallikrein excretion has been reported to be decreased in patients with essential hypertension and elevated in patients with primary aldosteronism as a reflection of mineralocorticoid activity. Low renin essential hypertension (LREH) has been postulated to result from excess production of an unknown mineralocorticoid(s). Urinary kallikrein excretion was compared in outpatients with esse...

1. Pre-eclampsia is characterized by reduced plasma active renin concentration and renal prostacyclin production. The aim of this study was to determine whether the plasma active renin concentration could be stimulated in women with pre-eclampsia by intravenous frusemide, which stimulates renin acutely through a prostacyclin-mediated mechanism. 2. Plasma active renin concentration, plasma aldos...