In the last two decades, Anglophone political theory witnessed a renewed interest in social-scientific empirical findings – partly as reaction against normative theorising centred on formulation of abstract, intuition-driven moral principles. This brief article begins by showing how this turn has taken distinct forms: (1) nonideal theoretical orientation, which seeks to balance emphasis princip...

We consider the relationship between positive and normative political theory, emphasising both the role of normative ideas in motivating political behaviour and particularly the constraints on normative theory imposed by positive theory. Our point of departure is Christiano’s recent claim that the rational choice approach to positive and normative political theory is self-defeating. In arguing ...

Leadership Studies is a new interdisciplinary field of Organization Studies that is growing at a steady rate all over the world. Leadership studies are seen as a branch of Management and Organization Sciences despite its philosophical roots that can be traced back to Plato’s philosophical writings such as Laws, Politics, or The Republic. Starting from Burns’ seminal book, Leadership (1978), and...

Positive and normative legal theory often seem to have little to do with one another. Part I describes the disconnect and suggests that it arises from two sources: the gap between fact and value, and the gap between external and internal perspectives on law. In the following Parts, I lay out a repertoire of strategies and mechanisms for connecting positive and normative legal theory. Part II ex...

This article gives an overview of a normative theory visual receptive fields. We describe how idealized functional models early spatial, spatio-chromatic and spatio-temporal fields can be derived in principled way, based on set axioms that reflect structural properties the environment combination with assumptions about internal structure vision system to guarantee consistent handling image repr...