The present study brings to light some of the original novelistic writing techniques that Salim Barakat evolved in his first novel entitled Fuqahā’ al-Ẓalām (Sages Darkness). With this novel, author laid foundation for be used subsequent novels. In absence an established Middle Eastern or Kurdish tradition writing, had ample space develop own techniques. He published Sages Darkness 1985 Nicosia...

This paper presents the analysis of novelistic fractal optical antenna arrays in a conceptual manner. Fractal antennas are array antennas with converging and diverging growth of basic element or elements for multi-wideband capturing of the electromagnetic waves. Most of these antennas relay on two components for their characteristics. First one is the basic stage shape and second one is the num...

Fractal arrays are used to increase the bandwidth of the antenna and to reduce grating lobes. The frequency range from 3.1 to 10.6 GHz is specially allocated for the UWB applications. In this paper, a novel antenna based on fractal concepts for ultra wideband (UWB) applications is analyzed, designed, fabricated and tested. Further the antenna is analyzed using the emerging fractal concepts and ...