Choroidal effusions may appear as subtle abnormalities on CT scans. Recognition of choroidal effusions, however, is critical because they may be an early sign of ocular pathologic abnormality. After detection, the various causes of choroidal effusions, such as carotid cavernous fistulas, ocular hypotony, tumors, and inflammatory conditions, should be considered.

Pterygium is a very common disease in an eye clinic characterized by a benign proliferation of local conjunctiva that often crosses the limber of cornea and extends into corneal surface. Variety of studies has showed that pterygium is able to result in ocular discomfort and the change of ocular surface environment, such as dry eye. However, the link between abnormal tear film function and ptery...

Eye movements were recorded electroculographically in four patients with basal pontine lesions, demonstrated by MRI. The most prominent eye movement abnormality observed was mild to severe impairment of smooth pursuit and optokinetic nystagmus, mainly ipsilateral to the lesion. This abnormality is thought to result from damage to the pontine nuclei, which form a crucial relay between the cerebr...

We report a man and his son with congenital limb contractures, limitation of ocular movements, and an electroretinal abnormality. They appear to have an autosomal dominant form of arthrogryposis, distinguishable from other previously classified forms of this disorder.

Background: Few literatures reported the pattern of ocular abnormalities in chronic renal failure (CRF). The aim of this paper is to determine the pattern of ocular abnormalities in childhood CRF. Patients and Methods: From January 1993 to July 2007, 80 patients with a diagnosis of chronic renal failure (CRF) were observed at the University Hospital in Al Kadhimiyia. They were examined to deter...

Robust IGF-I overexpression induces ocular angiogenesis in mice. To investigate the effect of subtle IGF-I overexpression, we examined the ocular phenotype of IGF-II promoter-driven IGF-I transgenic mice. Despite 2.5-fold elevation of IGF-I mRNA in the retina and 29 and 52% increase of IGF-I protein in the retina and aqueous humor, respectively, no ocular abnormality was observed in these trans...

Introduction Ocular abnormalities among down syndrome (DS) patients are a sensitive issue since the DS is minor group in general population.Objectives This study determined prevalence of visual acuity, refractive errors, and ocular diseases patients; analyzed association between errors (age, gender, type squint); compared results with similar studies other countries.Methods Clinical examination...

The ultimate purpose of eye movement is to maintain clear vision by ensuring that images observed objects are focused on the fovea in retina. Accurate evaluation ocular movements, including nystagmus and saccadic intrusions, provides very useful information for determining overall function abnormality complex oculomotor system, from peripheral vestibular system cerebrum. Eye tests therefore ess...