We investigated thoracic temperatures (Tth) during different activities of the endothermic fruit beetle Pachnoda sinuata and analysed which energy substrates are used for the pre-flight warm-up of its flight muscles. Pachnoda sinuata elevates its Tth prior to take-off either by basking in the sun or by warming endothermically to a narrow range around 34 degreesC. During lift-generating tethered...

In 2007, Wagner and Hoch proposed the new name Oenotheraxenogaura W.L.Wagner & Hoch for the species then known as Gauradrummondii (Spach) Torrey & A. Gray (non Oenotheradrummondii Hooker, 1834). However, the authors overlooked the availability of Gaurahispida Bentham (1840) for this species. Accordingly, we herewith make the appropriate new combination for this species, Oenotherahispida (Bentha...

background: most of the amino acids are encoded by more than one codon, termed as synonymous codons. synonymous codon usage is not random as it is unique to species. in each amino acid family, some synonymous codons are preferred and this is referred to as synonymous codon usage bias (scub). trends associated with evolution of scub and factors influencing its diversification in plastomes of gen...

Male cerci variability was used as the main source of information to separate taxonomic units in genus Pseudochelidura. Based on these data it considered that three species Pseudochelidura coexisted Pyrenees: P. sinuata, minor and montuosa. However, our phylogeographic phylogenetic analyses based molecular (mitochondrial cytb nuclear ITS2) do not support those conclusions. Combining with morpho...

A unique combination of genetic features and a rich stock of information make the flowering plant genus Oenothera an appealing model to explore the molecular basis of speciation processes including nucleus-organelle coevolution. From representative species, we have recently reported complete nucleotide sequences of the 5 basic and genetically distinguishable plastid chromosomes of subsection Oe...

Background: Most of the amino acids are encoded by more than one codon, termed as synonymous codons. Synonymous codon usage is not random as it is unique to species. In each amino acid family, some synonymous codons are preferred and this is referred to as synonymous codon usage bias (SCUB). Trends associated with evolution of SCUB and factors influencing its diversification in plastomes of gen...

In 1978 when Straley adopted the name Oenothera fruticosa L. subsp. glauca (Michx.) Straley for one of the two recognized subspecies of O. fruticosa it was the correct name for this taxon; however, since that time the botanical code has changed so that now an autonym is treated as having priority over the name or names of the same date and rank that established it. This change means that since ...