It has been recently described that the overnight increase in maximal end-apnoeic oesophageal pressure (P(oes,max)), considered as an index of the arousal threshold to occlusion, mostly contributes to apnoea lengthening during the night. However, the rise in apnoea duration could also be caused by changes in hypoxaemia, chemosensitivity and upper airway resistance. To better define the relative...

BACKGROUND Objective measures of outcome ensure reliable decisions with regard to treatment planning. Oxford Elbow Score (OES) is one of the common outcome measures used for assessing quality of life of patients with elbow disorders. OES consists of three domains: pain, elbow function and social/psychological. The aim of this study is to test the validity and reliability of the Turkish version ...

The use of an ESI SC FAST autosampler coupled to a Perkin Elmer Optima 7300 DV ICP can dramatically improve productivity for the analysis of environmental samples using EPA SW-846 Method 6010C. Sample throughput, as determined by sample-to-sample run time can be improved by as much as 100% as compared to traditional sample introduction systems and autosampler configurations. Both sample analysi...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the cytotoxicity of 0.5-4.5 origanum extract solution (OES), 2% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) with WST-1 test on human periodontal ligament (hPDL) fibroblasts. MATERIALS AND METHODS About 0.5-4.5% OES, 2% CHX and 5.25% NaOCl solutions cytotoxicity was evaluated with cell culture test using PDL fi...

Oxford Elbow Score (OES) is a patient-reported questionnaire used to assess outcomes after elbow surgery. The aim of this study was to validate and adapt the OES into Persian language. After forward-backward translation of the OES into Persian, a total number of 92 patients after elbow surgeries completed the Persian OES along with the Persian DASH and SF-36. To assess test-retest reliability, ...

BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that the crystalline structure of cellulose is negatively correlated with enzymatic digestibility, therefore, pretreatment is required to break down the highly ordered crystalline structure in cellulose, and to increase the porosity of its surface. In the present study, an organic electrolyte solution (OES) composed of an ionic liquid (1-allyl-3-methylimid...

UNLABELLED The aim was to adapt the Orofacial Esthetic Scale (OES) and to test psychometric properties of the Albanian language version in the cultural environment of the Republic of Kosovo. METHODS The OES questionnaire was translated from the original English version according to the accepted techniques. The reliability (internal consistency), and validity (construct, convergent and discrim...

This paper investigates the mechanism of online escrow service (OES) in consumer-toconsumer (C2C) auctions on the Internet. We derive a discrete-event driven simulation model for the dynamics of OES adoption in electronic markets, which involves four types of agents: the strategic trader, the moral trader, the OES provider and the law-enforcement agent. By applying the Monte Carlo method in com...

Physical activity in hot environments can increase the risk of heat stress or heat stroke in dogs. Heat tolerance is influenced by acclimatization to the environment, physical fitness, and hydration state. Three common strategies to promote hydration in working dogs are free access to water (W), oral electrolyte solutions (OESs), and administration of subcutaneous fluids (SQs). None of these me...