in this paper we have solved analytically the schrödinger equation for a microscopic particle in a one-dimensional box with two infinite walls, which the potential function inside it, has a linear form. based on the solutions of this special quantum mechanical system, we have shown that as the quantum number approaches infinity the expectation values of microscopic particle position and square ...

Trapdoors are widely used in cryptography, in particular for digital signatures and public key encryption. In these classical applications, it is highly desirable that trapdoors remain secret even after their use. In this paper, we consider positive applications of trapdoors that do not remain secret when they are used. We introduce and formally define one-time trapdoor one-way functions (OTTOW...

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) plays a critical role in the synthesis and chaperoning of membrane-associated and secreted proteins. The membrane is also an important site of Ca(2+) storage and release. Calreticulin is a unique ER luminal resident protein. The protein affects many cellular functions, both in the ER lumen and outside of the ER environment. In the ER lumen, calreticulin performs t...

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