Optical fiber sensing has been extensively studied in various areas such as aging deterioration measurement of constructed building, seismic measurement, environmental measurement. Optical fiber sensing systems are classified into two configurations. One consists of an optical source, an optical fiber transmission line, and sensing elements. The other consists of a fiber lasing system including...

Holographic optical element has a high diffraction efficiency and a narrow-band frequency characteristic, and it has a characteristic that is able to implement several features in a single flat device. It is widely applied in various fields. In this chapter, the principle and characteristics of the holographic optical elements are described in detail, and few typical holographic optical element...

Graphene based optical devices are highly recommended and interested for integrated optical circuits. As a main component of an optical link, a photodetector based on graphene nano-ribbons is proposed and studied. A quantum transport model is presented for simulation of a graphene nano-ribbon (GNR) -based photo-transistor based on non-equilibrium Green’s function method. In the proposed model a...

This paper presents a novel optical system for the realization of the Radon transform in a single frame. The optical system is simple, fast and accurate and consists of a 4F system, where in the 2F plane a vortex like optical element is placed. This optical element performs the rotation of the object, which replaces the need for mechanically rotating it, as is done in other common optical reali...

The concatenable processes of a Petri net N can be characterized abstractly as the arrows of a symmetric monoidal category ~(N). However, this is only a partial axiomatization, since it is based on a concrete, ad hoe chosen, category of symmetries Sym N. In this paper we give a completely abstract characterization of the category of concatenable processes of N, thus yielding an axiomatic theory...

Tlie e$ect8qf nums distribution on t?ateralstability and cm trol characte~tim ~f an airpihw hoe been detmwined by flighi trots of a model in tlw NACA jreeJ&@t tunnel. In the inveetig~ion, the rolling and yawing momenti of inertia were incremdjrom normal vulwa to calutx up tojive times normal. For each moment-of-inertia condition, combina$ionaof dihedral and verticu.1-tail area representing a va...

Agriculture is one of the most important and possibly the oldest economic activity developed by humans and it is becoming increasingly dependent on development of technologies (Alexandre, 2009). Agriculture in Africa is a subsistent, low technology and low-performing one which requires reduced drudgery and increased commercialization. For crop production, farmlands are cleared using cutlass and...

A polarization-selective holographic optical element with compact dimensions of 2.4mm X 1mm X 1mm (width X length X thickness) is proposed. The element includes three modules: a holographic polarizing beam-splitter, a holographic input coupler, and a dove-prism coupler so that a simple and dense optical pick-up head can be achieved. Polarization properties of holographic volume gratings are bri...

We introduce a programmable diffractive optical element based on an electro-optic phased array implemented with a multichannel lanthanum-modified lead zirconate titanate phase modulator. The design and fabrication procedures are outlined, along with an experimental demonstration of the device. Experimental results from a 16-channel device operating with a 2pi ; voltage of 300 V demonstrate sele...