obesity is a chronic, multifactorial disease. there are a number of neurocognitive and behavioral mechanisms that contribute to overeating, or eating past nutritional needs, which can lead to obesity. dysregulated dopamine-based reward circuitry has been implicated in overeating and obesity. we have different methods to modify brain function. one of these methods is transcranial direct current ...

background trauma mostly occurs in young patients. trauma is characterized by a combination of cardiovascular, inflammatory, and metabolic responses. hypercatabolism after trauma may lead to acute protein malnutrition that ultimately results in multiple organ failure. nutritional support may prevent this sequence. therefore, nutritional support is an essential component of the care of critical ...

introduction: ramadan is the holiest month in islamic calendar and muslims abstain from eating, drinking, and smoking from dawn to sunset, in which there are changes in quality of food and eating patterns. the purpose of this study was to know whether these changes provide nutritional needs, and supply all of necessary macronutrients for individuals in the month. method: a prospective observati...

BACKGROUND To explore the point prevalence of the risk of malnutrition and the targeting of nutritional interventions in relation to undernutrition risk and hospital volume. METHODS A cross-sectional survey performed in nine hospitals including 2 170 (82.8%) patients that agreed to participate. The hospitals were divided into large, middle, and small sized hospitals. Undernutrition risk and o...

The present study used an open-ended survey to collect information about current eating practices and coping strategies among 218 retired female athletes. An inductive and deductive thematic analysis revealed three themes relevant to the intuitive eating framework-permission to eat; recognizing internal hunger and satiety cues; and eating to meet physical and nutritional needs. Athletes describ...

Clinical syndromes stimulate basic science by providing unexpected combinations or dissociations of phenomena that basic science did not predict or cannot explain. That clinical eating disorders in which abnormally large meals can occur in patients with low, normal, or high body weight contradicts the assumption that the only function of eating is to provide energy intake for nutritional homeos...

A well-balanced vegetarian diet can provide for the needs of children and adolescents. However, appropriate caloric intake should be ensured and growth monitored. Particular attention should be paid to adequate protein intake and sources of essential fatty acids, iron, zinc, calcium, and vitamins B12 and D. Supplementation may be required in cases of strict vegetarian diets with no intake of an...