A virus with picorna-like biophysical properties was isolated from South African honey bees. On the basis of serology, it was identified as an isolate of black queen-cell virus (BQCV). Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed an 8550 nt polyadenylated genome containing two large ORFs. The 5'-proximal ORF (ORF 1) represented 4968 nt while the 3'-proximal ORF (ORF 2) represented 2562 nt. The ORFs we...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate cross protection provided by administration of contagious ecthyma vaccines against strains of orf virus in goats. ANIMALS 126 Boer-Spanish crossbred goats (3 to 20 days old). PROCEDURES 85 goats were vaccinated with a goat-derived contagious ecthyma vaccine. Of these, 41 were challenge exposed with the virus strain for the contagious ecthyma vaccine, 40 were challenge ...

A complication in the analysis of the role of ICP34.5 gene in the herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) lifecycle is the presence of overlapping antisense gene, open reading frame P (ORF P), which is also deleted in HSV-1 ICP34.5 negative mutants. A HSV-1 wild type strain (17+) ICP34.5/ORF P deletion mutant (1716) is totally avirulent in animal models and impaired in a number of in vitro function...

Orf virus is the prototype parapoxvirus that causes the contagious skin disease orf. It encodes an orthologue of the cytokine interleukin (IL)-10. Recombinant orf viruses were constructed in which the viral interleukin-10 (vorfIL-10) was disabled (vorfIL-10ko) and reinserted (vorfrevIL-10) at the same locus and compared to wild-type virus for their ability to induce skin lesions in sheep. After...

The chicken alphaherpesvirus infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) exhibits several unique genetic features including an internal inversion of a conserved part of the unique long genome region. At one end, this inversion is preceded by a cluster of five open reading frames (ORFs) of 335-411 codons, designated ORF A to ORF E, that are not present in any other known herpesvirus genome. In thi...

The complete sequence of the RNA genome of tobacco necrosis virus strain D (TNV-D) consisting of 3759 nucleotides has been determined. The positive strand contains five open reading frames (ORFs). The 5'-proximal ORF encodes a 22K protein terminating with an amber codon which may be read through to produce a 82K protein (p82). Two small centrally located ORFs each encode two out-of-frame 7K pro...

Herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) is a neurotropic pathogen of humans that establishes latent infection in the sensory ganglia innervating the site of primary infection. A number of genes control HSV-1 pathogenicity and latency. Open reading frame P (ORF P) is one of these genes that might have a role in latency and pathogenesis. A complication in the analysis of the role of ORF P in the HSV-...

Orf virus is a parapoxvirus that infects small ruminants worldwide. We present the case report of a 73-year-old woman with non-Hodgkins lymphoma who developed progressive orf virus lesions that were unresponsive to surgical debridement and to cidofovir therapy. The patient's orf virus infection was successfully treated with topical imiquimod despite progression of her malignancy.

Open reading frame (ORF) O and ORF P partially overlap and are located antisense to the gamma(1)34.5 gene within the domain transcribed during latency. In wild-type virus-infected cells, ORF O and ORF P are completely repressed during productive infection by ICP4, the major viral transcriptional activator/repressor. In cells infected with a mutant in which ORF P was derepressed there was a sign...