An ideal observer will give equivalent weight to sources of information that are equally reliable. However, when averaging visual information, human observers tend to downweight or discount features that are relatively outlying or deviant ('robust averaging'). Why humans adopt an integration policy that discards important decision information remains unknown. Here, observers were asked to judge...

A comprehensive study on the influence of planar fourth-order fiber orientation tensors effective linear elastic stiffnesses predicted by averaging mean field homogenization is given. Fiber states sheet molding compound (SMC) are identified to be in most cases approximately planar. In case, all possible given a minimal invariant set structurally differing tensors. This defines three-dimensional...

22 We have a remarkable ability to accurately estimate average featural information across 23 groups of objects, such as their average size or orientation. It has been suggested that, unlike 24 individual object processing, this process of feature averaging occurs automatically and 25 relatively early in the course of perceptual processing, without the need for objects to be 26 processed to the...

Optical imaging studies of orientation and direction preference in visual cortex have typically used vector averaging to obtain angle and magnitude maps. This method has shown half-rotation orientation singularities (pinwheels) located within regions of low orientation vector magnitude. Direction preference is generally orthogonal to orientation preference, but often deviates from this, particu...

Starting from the Navier-Stokes equation, we rigorously prove that a modi ed third order structure function ~ S 3 (r) asymptotically equals 4 r=3 ( is the dissipation rate) in the large Reynolds number limit of Navier-Stokes equation in an inertial regime. From this result, we rigorously con rm the Kolmogorov fourfth law, without the Kolmogorov assumption on isotropy. Our de nition of the struc...

This paper is conceived as a tutorial on rotation averaging, summarizing the research that has been carried out in this area; it discusses methods for single-view and multiple-view rotation averaging, as well as providing proofs of convergence and convexity in many cases. However, at the same time it contains many new results, which were developed to fill gaps in knowledge, answering fundamenta...

The classical receptive field (RF) concept-the idea that a visual neuron responds to fixed parts and properties of a stimulus-has been challenged by a series of recent physiological results. Here, we extend these findings to human vision, demonstrating that the extent of spatial averaging in contrast perception is also flexible, depending strongly on stimulus contrast and uniformity. At low con...

High angular resolution diffusion imaging (HARDI) has become an important technique for imaging complex oriented structures in the brain and other anatomical tissues. This has motivated the recent development of several methods for computing the orientation probability density function (PDF) at each voxel. However, much less work has been done on developing techniques for filtering, interpolati...