This paper proposes an effective framework to compute the visibility guarding and star decomposition of 3D solid shapes. We propose a progressive integer linear programming algorithm to solve the guarding points that can visibility cover the entire shape; we also develop a constrained region growing scheme seeded on these guarding points to get the star decomposition. We demonstrate this guardi...

Cuckoldry is an adaptive problem faced by parentally investing males of socially monogamous species (e.g., humans and many avian species). Mate guarding and frequent in-pair copulation (IPC) may have evolved as anti-cuckoldry tactics in avian species and in humans. In some avian species, the tactics are used concurrently, with the result that mate guarding behaviors and IPC frequency are correl...

The effect of the social environment on post-copulatory mate guarding duration in Japanese beetles, (Popillia japonica Newman), was examined in a laboratory experiment. The mate guarding durations of beetles in different sex ratios and densities were observed for 10 hours. Guarding duration was longer when females were larger, suggesting the presence of 'cryptic' male mate choice. Densities, bu...

Let P be a simple polygon. We define a witness set W to be a set of points such that if any (prospective) guard set G guards W , then it is guaranteed that G guards P . We show that not all polygons admit a finite witness set. If a finite minimal witness set exists, then it cannot contain any witness in the interior of P ; all witnesses must lie on the boundary of P , and there can be at most o...

1. Few studies have experimentally quantified the costs and benefits of female egg-guarding behaviour in arthropods under field conditions. Moreover, there is also a lack of studies assessing separately the survival and fecundity costs associated with this behavioural trait. 2. Here we employ field experimental manipulations and capture-mark-recapture methods to identify and quantify the costs ...

Musically naive participants were scanned before and after a period of 15 weeks during which they were taught to read music and play the keyboard. When participants played melodies from musical notation after training, activation was seen in a cluster of voxels within the bilateral superior parietal cortex. A subset of these voxels were activated in a second experiment in which musical notation...

Given a 1.5-dimensional terrain T , also known as an x-monotone polygonal chain, the Terrain Guarding problem seeks a set of points of minimum size on T that guards all of the points on T . Here, we say that a point p guards a point q if no point of the line segment pq is strictly below T . The Terrain Guarding problem has been extensively studied for over 20 years. In 2005 it was already estab...

Scott P. Carroll Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA I compared male allocation to prolonged mate guarding versus not guarding between two populations of the soapberry bug {fadera haematoloma) that differ in adult sex ratio: Oklahoma, USA (mean ± SD adult sex ratio, 2.70 ± 0.95 males per female), and Florida, USA (1.09 ± 0.26 males per female). To predict th...