Previous methods for extracting attributes (e.g., capital, population) of classes (Empires) from Web documents or search queries assume that relevant attributes occur verbatim in the source text. The extracted attributes are short phrases that correspond to quantifiable properties of various instances (ottoman empire, roman empire, mughal empire) of the class. This paper explores the extraction...

The purpose of this article is to cast some light on the question as why and how nationalism appeared rather suddenly on the political stage in Turkey at the beginning of the 20 th century. This article asserts that Turkish nationalism was an answer to the particular historical conditions that characterised the final phases of the Ottoman Empire and the birth of the modern Turkey. This article ...

In the nineteenth century, Britain had intense political, economic, and cultural relations with Ottoman Empire: they were political allies during Crimean War; for several decades, British creditors ran economy via Public Debt Administration; many institutions, such as Imperial Museum, modeled after their counterparts. Given this interconnected history, essay argues that Empire could provide a r...

One of the most memorable and unsettling works of historical fiction to appear in the last 15 years is Louis de Bernières’ Birds without Wings, which tells the stories of the inhabitants of Eskibahçe, a fictional village in the Ottoman Empire, in the years before, during and after the First World War. At times, the book makes for harrowing reading, especially the chapters that deal with the exp...

the expansion of shiite activities in iraq and its development through sunni nomads is one of the main issues involved ottoman governors in the second half of the nineteenth century, during the reign of abd al-hamid ii. (1876-1909). numerous real or unreal reports about the political and cultural risks of these activities were sent by officials of baghdad to bab-i ali in istanbul, forced the ce...

The aim of the paper is to describe the ‘Ottoman Landscape’ designed by architect Sinan in the 16th Century, through examples of architectural artifacts like mosques, staging posts, caravanserais, complexes, bath and bridges inside the Turkish border of the Thrace region. The land routes connected the capital of the Ottoman Empire Istanbul to the rest of Europe were important routes crossing th...

In Greece gold searchers and lost treasures, are very common because there are too many gold deposits, too many lost gold coins, from the World War II, and generally too many lost treasures dating from the Byzantine period, the Ottoman Empire as well as treasures regarding pirates, Venetians etc. Gold searchers, despite the strenuous efforts they make to detect some of the lost treasures, very ...

increasingly, aq qoyunlu rule and ottoman empire were inclined to contradict in the half of 9th/15th century. access to central anatolia for aq qoyunlu was a pivotal enterprise by which could develop its commercial ties. in contrast, ottomans tried to counteract the aq qoyunlu strives and thwarted its close relation with venice since ottomans regarded the latter as an archenemy in europe. forem...

The Arab cultural heritage was an era of invaluable preservation and development of numerous teachings, including biomedical sciences. The golden period of Arab medicine deserves special attention in the history of medicine and pharmacy, as it was the period of rapid translation of works from Greek and Persian cultures into Arabic. They preserved their culture, and science from decay, and then ...

Michael A. Reynolds, an FPRI Senior Fellow, is an Associate Professor in Princeton‟s Department of Near Eastern Studies where he teaches courses on modern Middle Eastern and Eurasian history, comparative empire, military and ethnic conflict, and secularism. He is author of Shattering Empires: The Clash and Collapse of the Ottoman and Russian Empires, 1908-1918 (Cambridge University Press, 2011)...