Outdoor allergens are an important part of the exposures that lead to allergic disease. Understanding the role of outdoor allergens requires a knowledge of the nature of outdoor allergen-bearing particles, the distributions of their source, and the nature of the aerosols (particle types, sizes, dynamics of concentrations). Primary sources for outdoor allergens include vascular plants (pollen, f...

This paper is the first aero-mycological report from Demänovská Ice Cave. Fungal spores were sampled from the internal and external air of the cave in June, 2014, using the impact method with a microbiological air sampler. Airborne fungi cultured on PDA medium were identified using a combination of classical phenotypic and molecular methods. Altogether, the presence of 18 different fungal spore...

Post-remedial collection of 2,193 fungi samples were evaluated as a component of a three (3) tiered clearance criteria for mold remediations projects. Criterion #1 was the visual evaluation of remediated areas for the absence of fungal growth. Criterion #2 was the visual evaluation of surfaces in remediated areas for the absence of visible debris. Criterion #3 involved the evaluation of total f...

According to the CDC (Center for Disease Control), 22.4% of Puerto Ricans suffer from asthma and that percentage increases to 25.3% in children between the ages of 5 and 14. In the case of allergic asthma, asthma, attacks are commonly caused by pollen and fungal spores in outdoor air. These particles can trigger a reaction in the immune system that controls how the body defends itself. This pap...

With the use of published temporal/seasonal and particle size distribution of outdoor bioaerosol data and meteorological information in the subtropical climate, we characterized the airborne fungal concentration indoor/outdoor/personal exposure relationships in a wind-induced naturally ventilated residence. We applied a size-dependent indoor/outdoor ratio model coupled with a compartmental lung...

The main purpose was to validate the use of outdoor-indoor volumetric impaction sampler with Hirst-type spore traps (HTSTs) to continuously monitor fungal load in order to prevent invasive fungal infections during major structural work in hospital settings. For 4 weeks, outdoor fungal loads were quantified continuously by 3 HTSTs. Indoor air was sampled by both HTST and viable impaction sampler...

A case study on extensive fungal growth that occurred in an apartment building after firefighting efforts is described in this paper. Exposure to airborne microorganisms (both viable and total) was investigated by filter sampling in three periods before and during remedial actions after the fire. Material samples were also analyzed. Extensive mold growth was observed on the building materials a...

BACKGROUND Alternaria is the most important fungal species belonging to the class Deuteromycetes which causes allergic respiratory diseases. The fungus pattern often shows a pronounced seasonal periodicity and with fluctuations related to meteorological conditions. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of outdoor Alternaria spore concentrations on monthly lung function tests, sympto...

results the main isolated fungal spores from the atmosphere of tabriz district were penicillium sp. (36.6%), cladosporidium sp. (26.8%) and aspergillus sp. (23.6%). conclusions the presence of fungal spores in the atmosphere as a part of air pollution can cause significant problems for human health, particularly in the respiratory tracts. background air contamination with fungal spores and the ...

fungal conidia and spores are among various organisms found in the air, causing different types of mycoses. in this study (from february 1994 until march 1995) fungal spores and conidia were collected by their settlement on to petri - dishes from 33 locations in babol city during 4 seasons. plates of sabouraud dextrose agar were laid 1.5 m. from the ground and then sent to mycology laboratory w...