Disorders of water balance lead either to dehydration or overhydration. Because there is an intimate relationship between water and sodium concentration (water generally following salt), one can distinguish hypotonic, isotonic and hypertonic dehydration and the same for overhydration. The vast majority of water balance disorders are acquired. In this article, the focus is on the inherited disor...

Disorders of water balance lead either to dehydration or overhydration. Because there is an intimate relationship between water and sodium concentration (water generally following salt), one can distinguish hypotonic, isotonic and hypertonic dehydration and the same for overhydration. The vast majority of water balance disorders are acquired. In this article, the focus is on the inherited disor...

Three anephric patients were studied during sequential periods of normal hydration and overhydration. The increase in arterial pressure caused by the overhydration (+ 7% of body weight) was associated with an increase in peripheral resistance (+ 21.1%, P < 0.01). The elevation of peripheral resistance was preceded by an increased cardiac output (+ 22.3%, P < 0.02) which then fell part way to co...

Disorders of water balance lead either to dehydration or overhydration. Because there is an intimate relationship between water and sodium concentration (water generally following salt), one can distinguish hypotonic, isotonic and hypertonic dehydration and the same for overhydration. The vast majority of water balance disorders are acquired. In this article, the focus is on the inherited disor...

INTRODUCTION Ultrasound of the lung and quantification of B lines was recently introduced as a novel tool to detect overhydration. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate a four-region protocol of lung ultrasound to determine the pulmonary fluid status in ventilated patients in the intensive care unit. METHODS Fifty patients underwent both lung ultrasound and transpulmonary thermodilution ...

BACKGROUND Haemodialysis (HD) patients are predisposed to dysregulated fluid balance leading to extracellular water (ECW) expansion. Fluid overload has been closely linked with outcome in these patients. This has mainly been attributed to cardiac volume overload, but the relation between abnormalities in fluid status with micro- and macrovascular dysfunction has not been studied in detail. We s...

OBJECTIVES Multi-Frequency Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (MFBIA) is a quick, simple, and inexpensive method to assess body fluid compartments. This study aimed at determining the validity of MFBIA in detecting clinically relevant changes of fluid balance in geriatric patients. DESIGN A prospective, observational study. SETTING The 22-bed Geriatric Department of the University Hospital Ni...

1. In order to study the effect of overhydration on body potassium, experiments were performed on pair-fed rabbits, one of which was maintained continuously on vasopressin and given extra water (60-90 ml day-1 kg-1) for 6-8 days, while the other served as control. 2. Overhydrated rabbits excreted significantly more potassium (53%) in their urine than control rabbits and accumulated a mean potas...

BACKGROUND Inflammation, overhydration and elevated cardiac biomarkers are related to outcome in haemodialysis (HD) patients. Here, we explored the relationship between the body composition (BC), inflammation and cardiac biomarker concentrations in HD patients longitudinally. METHODS A total of 44 HD patients were followed for 6 months. BC was assessed by multifrequency bioimpedance (BIA). Se...

The level of hydration in the human body is carefully adjusted to control the electrolyte balance that governs the biochemical processes that sustain life. An electrolyte deficiency caused by deor overhydration will not only limit human performance, but can also lead to serious health problems and death if left untreated. Because humans can withstand a change in hydration of only ±20%, frequent...