objective(s):several investigations have revealed that caspase-14 is responsible for the epidermal differentiation and cornification, as well as the regulation of moisturizing effect. however, the precise regulation mechanism is still not clear. this study was aimed to investigate the expression of caspase-14 in filaggrin-deficient normal human epidermal keratinocytes (nheks) and to explore the...

Anaplasma phagocytophilum is the etiologic agent of human granulocytic anaplasmosis. MSP2(P44), the bacterium's major surface protein, is encoded by a paralogous gene family and has been implicated in a variety of pathobiological processes, including antigenic variation, host adaptation, adhesion, porin activity, and structural integrity. The consensus among several studies performed at the DNA...

Erythroid protein 4.1 (4.1R) is an 80-kd cytoskeletal protein that stabilizes the membrane-skeletal network structure underlying the lipid bilayer. Using the carboxyl terminal domain (22/24 kd) of 4.1R as bait in a yeast 2-hybrid screen, we isolated cDNA clones encoding a polypeptide of eIF3-p44, which represents a subunit of a eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF3) complex. The eIF3...

The androgen receptor (AR) cofactor p44/WDR77, which regulates expression of a set of androgen target genes, is required for differentiation of prostate epithelium. Aberrant localization of p44/WDR77 in the cytoplasm is associated with prostate tumorigenesis. Here, we describe studies that used the mouse prostate and human prostate cancer cells as model systems to investigate signals that contr...

Anthracyclines are commonly used chemotherapeutics, and in some models enhance p44/42-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway signaling by effects on upstream kinases. To evaluate the impact of anthracyclines on p44/42-MAPK in breast cancer, A1N4-myc human mammary and BT-474 and MDA-MB-231 breast carcinoma cells were studied. Treatment with doxorubicin or epirubicin resulted in increase...

The mechanism used by the platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) to activate the mitogen-activated- protein-kinase (p42/p44 MAPK) pathway was investigated in cultured airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells. We have found that pertussis toxin (PTX, which was used to inactivate the heterotrimeric G-protein Gi) induced an approx. 40-50% decrease in the activation of c-Src and p42/p44 MAPK by PD...

Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), which is secreted from folliculostellate cells in the anterior pituitary, is known to be involved in the communication between folliculostellate cells and lactotropes during estradiol-induced lactotropic cell proliferation. We studied the role of MAPK p44/42 in bFGF-regulated cell proliferation using enriched lactotropes and the lactotrope-derived PR1 cell...

Hormones, including estrogen and progesterone, and their receptors play an important role in the development and progression of ovarian carcinoma. Androgen, its receptor and coactivators have also been implicated in these processes. p44/Mep50/WDR77 was identified as a subunit of the methylosome complex and lately characterized as a steroid receptor coactivator that enhances androgen receptor as...

OBJECTIVE The serial peaks of vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) have been labeled p13, n23, n34 and p44 according to their latency. Waves p13-n23 have been shown to be of saccular origin, whereas the origin of waves n34-p44 is still unknown. In order to improve the clinical applicability of waves n34-p44, we examine the use of different patterns of acoustic stimuli to evoke constant...

Using conscious rabbits, we examined the effect of ischemic preconditioning (PC) on p44 and p42 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). We found that both isoforms contribute significantly to total MAPK activity in the heart (in-gel kinase assay: p44, 59 ± 1%; p42, 41 ± 1%). Ischemic PC (6 cycles of 4-min occlusion/4-min reperfusion) elicited a pronounced increase in total cellular MAPK acti...