p52 is a subunit of nuclear factor (NF)-kappa B transcription factors, most closely related to p50. Previously, we have shown that p52, but not p50 homodimers can form transactivating complexes when associated with Bcl-3, an unusual member of the I kappa B family. To determine nonredundant physiologic roles of p52, we generated mice deficient in p52. Null mutant mice were impaired in their abil...

Melatonin has been shown to be produced by non-pineal cells and possess anti-inflammatory actions in animal models. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that melatonin suppresses the expression of pro-inflammatory genes such as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) by a common transcriptional mechanism. Melatonin but not tryptophan or serotonin inhibited ...

Transcriptional activation in human cell-free systems containing RNA polymerase II and general initiation factors requires the action of one or more additional coactivators. Here, we report the isolation of cDNAs encoding two novel human transcriptional coactivators (p52 and p75) that are derived from alternatively spliced products of a single gene and share a region of 325 residues, but show d...

Melatonin has been shown to be produced by nonpineal cells and possess anti-inflammatory actions in animal models. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that melatonin suppresses the expression of proinflammatory genes such as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (INOS) by a common transcriptional mechanism. Melatonin but not tryptophan or serotonin inhibited lip...

Recent studies revealed that the lymphotoxin/lymphotoxin beta receptor (LT)/ LT R system activates the noncanonical nuclear factor– B (NFB) signaling pathway involving I kappa B kinase 1/I kappa B kinase (IKK1/IKK ) and NFB–inducing kinase (NIK) to direct processing of the nf b2 protein p100 to yield RelB:p52 complexes. Despite the biochemical evidence, LT-, RelB-, p52-deficient mice show discr...

Normal development of the immune system requires regulated processing of NF-kappaB2 p100 to p52, which activates NF-kappaB2 signaling. Constitutive production of p52 has been suggested as a major mechanism underlying lymphomagenesis induced by NF-kappaB2 mutations, which occur recurrently in a variety of human lymphoid malignancies. To test the hypothesis, we generated transgenic mice with targ...

Recent studies revealed that the lymphotoxin/lymphotoxin beta receptor (LT)/LTbetaR system activates the noncanonical nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) signaling pathway involving I kappa B kinase 1/I kappa B kinase alpha (IKK1/IKKalpha) and NF-kappaB-inducing kinase (NIK) to direct processing of the nfkappab2 protein p100 to yield RelB:p52 complexes. Despite the biochemical evidence, LT-, RelB...

Tripartite motif-containing protein (TRIM) family proteins are involved in a broad range of biological processes and, consistently, their alterations result in diverse pathological conditions such as genetic diseases, viral infection and cancer development. In this study, we found that one of the TRIM family proteins, TRIM31, is highly expressed in the gastrointestinal tract and interacts with ...

Serine phosphorylation of the ShcA signaling molecule has been reported recently. In this work, we have identified 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)- and growth factor-induced serine/threonine phosphorylation sites in p52(Shc) and p66(Shc). Among them, Ser(29) in p52(Shc) (equivalent to Ser(138) in p66(Shc)) was phosphorylated only after TPA stimulation. Phosphorylation of this site to...

In this study, we have investigated the biosynthesis and processing of GP85 (Pgp-1/CD44), a lymphoma transmembrane glycoprotein known to contain ankyrin-binding site(s). Using a standard pulse-chase protocol, we have detected a 52-kDa polypeptide precursor (p52) within the first 5 min of pulse labeling which contains a high mannose-type N-linked oligosaccharide chains. The conversion of p52 to ...