RATIONALE Hypoplasia with an intact posterior arch of the atlas and ossification of the posterior atlantoaxial membrane (PAAM) are individually rare. PATIENT CONCERNS The patient presented with a 6-month history of progressive weakness and paresthesia of his lower extremities. DIAGNOSES Cervical myelopathy resulting from atlas hypoplasia and ossification of the posterior atlantoaxial membra...

It is now well established that many cellular functions are regulated by interactions of cells with physicochemical and mechanical cues of their extracellular matrix (ECM) environment. Eukaryotic cells constantly sense their local microenvironment through surface mechanosensors to transduce physical changes of ECM into biochemical signals, and integrate these signals to achieve specific changes...

Block copolymer micelles (BCMs) were prepared from amphiphilic diblock copolymers of poly(n-butyl acrylate) and poly(acrylic acid) partially modified with 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate. Radical polymerization of acrylamide in the presence of micellar crosslinkers gave rise to elastomeric hydrogels (BCM-PAAm) whose mechanical properties can be tuned by varying the BCM composition. Transmission electro...

The immune response after implantation of a biomaterial may shorten the functional life implant, depending on degree response. In this study, we used polyacrylamide-alginate (PAAm-Alg) hydrogel, which has been previously characterized as biocompatible material and shown to enhance regeneration cartilage in vivo, along with graphite-enhanced hydrogel (PAAm-Alg-G) non-biocompatible counterpart, e...

We report the preparation of in-plane density gradients of amino-terminated molecules and gold particles through derivatization of laterally varying thickness gradients of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) or poly(acrylamide) (PAAm) films. PAA and PAAm gradients were formed by Zn(II)-catalyzed electropolymerization of acrylic acid (AA) or acrylamide (AAm) in the presence of an in-plane electrochemical p...

The aim of this paper is to investigate the effects of hydrogel mesh size, a conductive polymer, and electric field strength on controlled drug delivery phenomena using drug-loaded polyacrylamide hydrogels prepared at various crosslinking ratios both with and without a conductive polymer system. Poly(p-phenylene vinylene), PPV, as the model conductive polymer, was used to study its ability to c...

We propose a pairwise active appearance model (PAAM) to characterize statistical regularities in shape, appearance, and motion presented by a target that undergoes a series of motion phases, such as the left ventricle in echocardiography. The PAAM depicts the transition in motion phase through a Markov chain and the transition in both shape and appearance through a conditional Gaussian distribu...

Radiation-induced graft polymerization using gamma rays was used in our previous study to synthesize a bacterial cellulose co-polyacrylamide adsorbent (BC-PAAM). In this work, the adsorption capacity of BC-PAAM towards copper and lead metal ions investigated batch system under various parameters such as contact time initial concentration ion. The pH solution kept at 5 during process. equilibriu...

The present study describes two different methods for the preparation of superabsorbent polyacrylamide (PAAm) hydrogels for application in farming of sandy soil. The two methods were employed to induce the crosslinking of the polymer matrix. In the first method a PAAm paste was exposed to gamma rays, while in the second method the polymer was thermally treated in the solid phase. Crosslinked PA...

Multi-competitive enzymatic reactions were performed to determine the selectivity properties of enzymes immobilised in polyacrylamide-alginate (pAAm-Alg) microcapsules. The transesterification of fatty acid ethyl esters of different chain lengths (C2–C14) with various alcohols catalysed by the enzyme lipase Mucor Miehei was chosen as a test system. While the free enzyme exhibited higher selecti...