one of the most important institutions of a city is hospital as it is directly involved with life of the citizens. this review article aimed to study the circumstance of establishing newer hospitals in isfahan city, iran, which was started in late qajar dynasty era with a pause during the constitutional era and was extended to reza shah pahlavi in its modern form. the main references for this s...

A new model of relations emerged in schools after the establishment educational centers Iran mid-Qajar era. The cultural authorities time were particularly interested school health, which was adopted as a principle from European, French, systems. During period 1925 to 1941, with special attention Western models education, health changed more and more. This study provides descriptive-analytical ...

During the Pahlavi era, Iran's widespread developments influenced by the industrial revolution led to a lot of changes in family structure and by changing the function of family and the roles and relations of family members, paved the way for a change in the houses' spatial organization. Therefore, the main question addressed in this study is: “"What changes are brought about in the space organ...

intellectual developments, political movements and cultural policies of government during the pahlavi era, played a significant role in formation and developing of important tendencies of iranian modern painting. the present article, based on the analytic approaches, investigates the influence of the leftist, nationalistic and islamist movements on art, and simultaneously studies the role of go...

Iranian vernacular architecture has rich experiences in terms of coordinating with its surroundings. although, high energy consumption was one the major concerns past decades. According to statistics presented by Statistics Center, 40% country's is relevant construction industry. However, about 70% used solely for space heating and cooling. In meantime, windows have a significant influence on t...

Abstract In the 1960s and 1970s, Iranian officials embraced natural gas as a new energy source for their rapidly industrializing society, seeing it readily available substitute lucrative oil products country's citizens were consuming in increasing amounts. Reacting to growing concentrations of smoke haze cities, unable alter mountainous terrain semiarid climate that intensified them, seemingly ...