The expansion of oil palm cultivation in Indonesia has been driven by a strong world demand for food especially fats and oils. Commencing in the island of Sumatra, it spread out to other island like Kalimantan, Sulawesi and Irian but not to the island of Bali which was already well developed. The role of palm oil in developing remote inland regions and improving the standard of living of rural ...

an experiment with 240 one-day-old lohman male broilers was conducted to investigate the effects of different levels of palm kernel meal supplemented diet with/without enzyme on performance and lactic acid bacteria population of ceca. birds were distributed in 20 experimental units and data were analyzed in a complete randomized design with 2x2 arrangement plus a control diet.the levels of palm...

the rapid expansion in world production of palm oil over the last three decades has attracted the attention of the oils and fats industry. oil palm gives the highest yield of oil per unit of any crop. palm oil is the major oil produced, with annual world production in excess of 50 million tonnes. throughout the world, 90% of palm oil is used for edible purposes (e.g., margarine, deep fat frying...

The utilization of waste materials from the palm oil industry provides immense benefit to various sectors of the construction industry. Palm oil clinker is a by-product from the processing stages of palm oil goods. Channelling this waste material into the building industry helps to promote sustainability besides overcoming waste disposal problems. Environmental pollution due to inappropriate wa...

In Malaysia, most of the PKC produced are from expeller extraction. Though solvent extraction is also used in the extraction of palm kernel oil but the process is costly and screw press extraction (expeller) is the rule in many palm oil processing plants. The difference in the quality of expeller PKC and solvent extracted is small, although in general expeller PKC contains more oil (4%-8%) than...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to select appropriate surfactants or blends of surfactants to study the ternary phase diagram behavior of newly introduced palm kernel oil esters. METHODS Nonionic surfactant blends of Tween(®) and Tween(®)/Span(®) series were screened based on their solubilization capacity with water for palm kernel oil esters. Tween(®) 80 and five blends of Tween(®) ...

This paper presents an experimental program on rapid chloride permeability test on lightweight concrete produced from oil palm clinker aggregates. Oil palm clinker is obtained from by-product of palm oil milling. Utilising oil palm clinker in concrete production not only solves the problem of disposing this solid waste but also help to converse natural resources. The parameter of investigation ...

The product ion of crude palm oil and palm kernel is a complex problem due to the inf luence of processing variables and environmental factors. These processing variables inf luence the amount of crude palm oil and palm kernel losses during processing. Instead of mathematical model, fuzzy logic approach provides a simpler and easier mechanism to describe the relat ionships between the processin...

Alcohol ethoxylates surfactants are produced via ethoxylation of fatty alcohol (FA) with ethylene oxide. The source of FA could be either palm kernel oil (PKO) or petrochemicals. The study aimed to compare the potential environmental impacts for PKO-derived FA (PKO-FA) and petrochemicals-derived FA (petro-FA). Cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment has been performed for this purpose because it e...